Evidence mapPaperPMID 37389408Full record

ReviewJournal of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system : JRAAS2023

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme and Hypertension: A Systemic Analysis of Various ACE Inhibitors, Their Side Effects, and Bioactive Peptides as a Putative Therapy for Hypertension.

Hafiz Ahmad, Huma Khan, Shabirul Haque, Shameem Ahmad, Namita Srivastava, Azhar Khan

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system : JRAAS, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
47citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

47 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  14. Polyphenol-RichPharmaceutics · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Hafiz AhmadRAK College of Medical Sciences, RAK Medical & Health Sciences University, Ras al Khaimah, UAE.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9366-3502
Huma KhanFaculty of Biotechnology and Applied Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9878-6878
Shabirul HaqueThe Feinstein Institute of Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6721-0630
Shameem AhmadDepartment of Orthopedics, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1877-9994
Namita SrivastavaFaculty of Biotechnology and Applied Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4029-5232
Azhar KhanFaculty of Biotechnology and Applied Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2570-8219

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hypertension is a major risk factor for heart attack, produce atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries), congestive heart failure, stroke, kidney infection, blindness, end-stage renal infection, and cardiovascular diseases. Many mechanisms are involved in causing hypertension, i.e., via calcium channels, alpha and beta receptors, and the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). RAS has an important role in blood pressure control and is also involved in the metabolism of glucose, homeostasis, and balance of electrolytes in the body. The components of RAS that are involved in the regulation of blood pressure are angiotensinogen, Ang I (angiotensin I), Ang II (angiotensin II), ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme), and ACE 2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2). These components provide for relevant therapeutic targets for the treatment of hypertension, and various drugs are commercially available that target individual components of RAS. Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) and ACE inhibitors are the most popular among these drugs. ACE is chosen in this review as it makes an important target for blood pressure control because it converts Ang I into Ang II and also acts on the vasodilator, bradykinin, to degrade it into inactive peptides. This review highlights various aspects of blood pressure regulation in the body with a focus on ACE, drugs targeting the components involved in regulation, their associated side effects, and a need to shift to alternative therapy for putative hypertension treatment in the form of bioactive peptides from food.

Indexed as

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsHypertensionAngiotensin IIAngiotensin Receptor AntagonistsHumansPeptidesAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsAngiotensin IIAngiotensin Receptor AntagonistsPeptides

Identifiers

PMID37389408
PMCPMC10307051

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.