ReviewPharmacology & therapeutics2023
Protoporphyrin IX-induced phototoxicity: Mechanisms and therapeutics.
Review in Pharmacology & therapeutics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Photodynamic Therapy for Facial Rejuvenation Combined Amber LED and Infrared Laser Irradiation: A Pilot Study Comparing ALA and MAL.Journal of biophotonics · 2026Article
- ALR couples IMS redox and heme biosynthesis beyond the disulfide relay.Science advances · 2026Article
- Investigating the Efficacy of Various Photosensitizers and Irradiation Strategies in Antimicrobial Photodynamic Inactivation on Different Types of Microbes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Decoding the metabolic cipher of dormant cancer cells: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potentials.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- Alectinib combined with 5-aminolevulinic acid-based photodynamic therapy promotes apoptosis in endometrial cancer cells by targeting ferrochelatase.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Review
- Pathogenesis and clinical management of liver damage in porphyrias: Mechanisms and therapeutic approaches.World journal of hepatology · 2025Review
- Protoporphyrin IX plasma and blood pharmacokinetics and brain tumor distribution determined by a validated LC-MS/MS method.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Comparison of Pyrazinamide with Isoniazid for Their Effects on the Heme Biosynthetic Pathway in Mouse Liver.Metabolites · 2025Article
- Combination Effects of Aminolevulinic Acid and Mycophenolic Acid on Hacat Cell Proliferation and Inhibition of Inosine Monophosphate Dehydrogenase.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Erythropoietic protoporphyrias: Pathogenesis, diagnosis and management.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025Review
- Inhibition of ABCG2 prevents phototoxicity in a mouse model of erythropoietic protoporphyria.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Roles of the ABCG2 Transporter in Protoporphyrin IX Distribution and Toxicity.Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals · 2024Review
- Photochemical and biological dual-effects enhance the inhibition of photosensitizers for tumour growth.Chemical science · 2024Article
- Third-Generation Anticancer Photodynamic Therapy Systems Based on Star-like Anionic Polyacrylamide Polymer, Gold Nanoparticles, and Temoporfin Photosensitizer.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Iron metabolism: backfire of cancer cell stemness and therapeutic modalities.Cancer cell international · 2024Review
- Heme (dys)homeostasis and liver disease.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) is an intermediate in the heme biosynthesis pathway. Abnormal accumulation of PPIX due to certain pathological conditions such as erythropoietic protoporphyria and X-linked protoporphyria causes painful phototoxic reactions of the skin, which can significantly impact daily life. Endothelial cells in the skin have been proposed as the primary target for PPIX-induced phototoxicity through light-triggered generation of reactive oxygen species. Current approaches for the management of PPIX-induced phototoxicity include opaque clothing, sunscreens, phototherapy, blood therapy, antioxidants, bone marrow transplantation, and drugs that increase skin pigmentation. In this review, we discuss the present understanding of PPIX-induced phototoxicity including PPIX production and disposition, conditions that lead to PPIX accumulation, symptoms and individual differences, mechanisms, and therapeutics.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.