ArticleDiabetes research and clinical practice2023
Emotional distress and cardiovascular disease risk among participants enrolled in the Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness (GRADE) study.
Article in Diabetes research and clinical practice, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It reports registered trial NCT01794143. Cited by 1 paper.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness Study
Effect of Patient Priorities Care Implementation in Older Veterans With Multiple Chronic Conditions
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 0 citations in OpenAlex.
- Semaglutide - properties, action and chromatographic analysis.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 8 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
aimsPeople with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We examined depressive symptoms (DS) and diabetes distress (DD) in relation to the estimated 10-year risk of CVD in adults with T2DM enrolled in the GRADE Emotional Distress Substudy.
methodsLinear regression models examined the associations of baseline DS and DD with estimated 10-year risk of CVD using the Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) risk score, adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, income, diabetes duration, diabetes-related complications, and HbA1c.
resultsA total of 1,605 GRADE participants were included: 54% Non-Latino (NL) White, 18% Latino, 19% NL-Black, 66% male, mean age 57.5 (SD = 10.25) years, diabetes duration 4.2 (SD = 2.8) years, and HbA1c 7.5% (SD = 0.5%). After incorporating covariates, only DS, especially cognitive-affective symptoms, were associated with ASCVD risk (estimate = 0.15 [95% CI: 0.04, 0.025], p = 0.006). Higher DS remained significantly associated with higher ASCVD risk when adding DD to covariates (estimate = 0.19 [95% CI: 0.07, 0.30], p = 0.002). DD was not associated with ASCVD risk when accounting for covariates.
conclusionsDepressive symptoms, particularly cognitive-affective symptoms, are associated with increased 10-year predicted ASCVD risk among adults with early T2DM. Diabetes distress is not significantly associated with the predicted ASCVD risk when accounting for covariates.
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