Evidence mapPaperPMID 37397787Full record

ReviewDrug design, development and therapy2023

Metformin: A Review of Potential Mechanism and Therapeutic Utility Beyond Diabetes.

Siddhartha Dutta, Rima B Shah, Shubha Singhal, Sudeshna Banerjee Dutta, Sumit Bansal, Susmita Sinha, Mainul Haque

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Drug design, development and therapy, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 117 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
117citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
26.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

117 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 175 citations in OpenAlex.

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  6. Review
  7. Repurposing Metformin to Promote Fracture Callus Maturation via AMPK-Driven Metabolic Activation.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2026
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57 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Siddhartha DuttaDepartment of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot, Gujarat, India.ORCID 0000-0001-6525-5950
Rima B ShahDepartment of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot, Gujarat, India.ORCID 0000-0003-4589-6974
Shubha SinghalDepartment of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot, Gujarat, India.ORCID 0000-0002-6890-1054
Sudeshna Banerjee DuttaDepartment of Medical Surgical Nursing, Shri Anand Institute of Nursing, Rajkot, Gujarat, 360005, India.ORCID 0000-0002-4050-898X
Sumit BansalDepartment of Anaesthesiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot, Gujarat, India.ORCID 0000-0002-7853-5959
Susmita SinhaDepartment of Physiology, Khulna City Medical College and Hospital, Khulna, Bangladesh.ORCID 0000-0002-3591-1109
Mainul HaqueUnit of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (National Defence University of Malaysia), Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0002-6124-7993
All India Institute of Medical Sciences · INKhulna Medical College · BDNational Defence University of Malaysia · MY

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Metformin has been designated as one of the most crucial first-line therapeutic agents in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Primarily being an antihyperglycemic agent, metformin also has a plethora of pleiotropic effects on various systems and processes. It acts majorly by activating AMPK (Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase) in the cells and reducing glucose output from the liver. It also decreases advanced glycation end products and reactive oxygen species production in the endothelium apart from regulating the glucose and lipid metabolism in the cardiomyocytes, hence minimizing the cardiovascular risks. Its anticancer, antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing effects on malignant cells might prove instrumental in the malignancy of organs like the breast, kidney, brain, ovary, lung, and endometrium. Preclinical studies have also shown some evidence of metformin's neuroprotective role in Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis and Huntington's disease. Metformin exerts its pleiotropic effects through varied pathways of intracellular signalling and exact mechanism in the majority of them remains yet to be clearly defined. This article has extensively reviewed the therapeutic benefits of metformin and the details of its mechanism for a molecule of boon in various conditions like diabetes, prediabetes, obesity, polycystic ovarian disease, metabolic derangement in HIV, various cancers and aging.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2MetforminNeoplasmsAMP-Activated Protein KinasesFemaleGlucoseHumansHypoglycemic AgentsAMP-Activated Protein KinasesGlucoseHypoglycemic AgentsMetformincancercardiovasculardiabetesmetforminneuroprotectionpleotropic effectPrediabetes

Identifiers

PMID37397787
PMCPMC10312383
OpenAlexW4381987886

What Socratic holds

Texttitle and abstract
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.