ArticleCNS neuroscience & therapeutics2023
Ultrasound reduces inflammation by modulating M1/M2 polarization of microglia through STAT1/STAT6/PPARγ signaling pathways.
Article in CNS neuroscience & therapeutics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- M2 polarization of macrophages: Manipulation of spinal cord injury repair.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Therapeutic Ultrasound Versus Levofloxacin in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Orchitis: Comparative Effects on Testicular Inflammation and Tissue Recovery in Rats.Iranian journal of pathology · 2026Article
- Fat on Fire: Disrupted Microglial Lipid Metabolism as a Driver of Anesthetic Neurotoxicity.Neuroscience bulletin · 2026Review
- The roles of microglia and astrocytes in inflammasomes and neurological disorders.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Defective efferocytosis in diabetes: molecular mechanisms and emerging therapeutic strategies.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Review
- An inflammation-targeted lipid nanoparticle inhibiting ferroptosis for spinal cord injury repair.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Immunoglobulin G exacerbates endothelial-microglial crosstalk, promoting secondary injury in high-altitude cerebral edema.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2026Article
- Ferroptosis and macrophage polarization: mechanisms, interplay, and implications for medical applications.Cell death discovery · 2026Review
- Continuous low-intensity ultrasound influences the transcriptomic profile in M1 macrophages by downregulating inflammation and promoting M2-like markers.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Up-regulation of miR-548 m Leading to Neuroinflammation to Promote the Progression of Alzheimer's Disease.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- TREM2-mediated microglial phagocytosis of inhibitory synapses contributes to prolonged FS-induced epileptogenesis.Cell death discovery · 2026Article
- Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation modulates neuroinflammation and cell apoptosis via the interaction between Ifit3 and Stat1 for the treatment of neuropathic pain.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Article
- CAR Treg therapies for neurodegenerative diseases.iScience · 2026Review
- Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound in Peripheral and Central Nerve Repair: Mechanisms and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026Review
- High-intensity interval training remodels perineuronal nets in the medial prefrontal cortex to drive microglial polarization and alleviate osteoarthritis pain.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- hsa_circ_0006168 drives microglial activation in TNC via miR-99b-5p/KDM6B axis to promote central sensitization in migraine.The journal of headache and pain · 2026Article
- Innovative Insights into Interleukin-Mediated Macrophage Polarization: Metabolic Reprogramming and Inflammatory Pathway Crosstalk in Chronic Kidney Disease and Therapeutic Implications-A Narrative Review.International journal of general medicine · 2026Review
- Ultrasound-driven mechanical immunomodulation enhances tumor treatment sensitivity: advances from tumor mechanical immunobiology to immunotherapy applications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Dual immune armies in glaucoma: microglia and monocyte-derived macrophages.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Construction and expression of recombinant human elastin with biological activities: effect of wound healingFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionActivated microglia can be polarized to the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype and the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) can attenuate pro-inflammatory responses in activated microglia.
objectiveThis study aimed to investigate the effects of LIPUS on M1/M2 polarization of microglial cells and the regulatory mechanisms associated with signaling pathways.
methodsBV-2 microglial cells were stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to an M1 phenotype or by interleukin-4 (IL-4) to an M2 phenotype. Some microglial cells were exposed to LIPUS, while others were not. M1/M2 marker mRNA and protein expression were measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot, respectively. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to determine inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-/arginase-1 (Arg-1)- and CD68-/CD206-positive cells.
resultsLIPUS treatment significantly attenuated LPS-induced increases in inflammatory markers (iNOS, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6) as well as the expression of cell surface markers (CD86 and CD68) of M1-polarized microglia. In contrast, LIPUS treatment significantly enhanced the expression of M2-related markers (Arg-1, IL-10, and Ym1) and membrane protein (CD206). LIPUS treatment prevented M1 polarization of microglia and enhanced or sustained M2 polarization by regulating M1/M2 polarization through the signal transducer and activator of transcription 1/STAT6/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma pathways.
conclusionsOur findings suggest that LIPUS inhibits microglial polarization and switches microglia from the M1 to the M2 phenotype.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.