ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2023
Long-term Follow-up of 84 Patients With Giant Prolactinomas-A Swedish Nationwide Study.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Differences Between Dopamine Agonist-Resistant and -Non-Resistant Prolactinomas: Are There Any Predictors of a Good Response?Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Long-term primary pharmacotherapy of giant prolactinomas: A comparison of different cabergoline dosages.Journal of clinical & translational endocrinology · 2025Article
- High-dose Hook Effect in a Case of Giant Prolactinoma Confounded by Acute Kidney Injury.JCEM case reports · 2025Article
- Good response rates and predictors during the first year of cabergoline treatment in large invasive prolactinomas.Pituitary · 2025Article
- Grading and staging for pituitary neuroendocrine tumors.Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Experience in the Treatment of Male Prolactinomas: A Single-Center, 10-Year Retrospective Study.Neuroendocrinology · 2024Article
- Article
- Tumor immune microenvironment in pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs): increased M2 macrophage infiltration and PD-L1 expression in PIT1-lineage subset.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 9 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo describe the clinical presentation and treatment outcomes in a nationwide cohort of patients with giant prolactinomas.
methodsRegister-based study of patients with giant prolactinomas [serum prolactin (PRL) > 1000 µg/L, tumor diameter ≥40 mm] identified in the Swedish Pituitary Register 1991-2018.
resultsEighty-four patients [mean age 47 (SD ±16) years, 89% men] were included in the study. At diagnosis, the median PRL was 6305 µg/L (range 1450-253 000), the median tumor diameter was 47 mm (range 40-85), 84% of the patients had hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, and 71% visual field defects. All patients were treated with a dopamine agonist (DA) at some point. Twenty-three (27%) received 1 or more additional therapies, including surgery (n = 19), radiotherapy (n = 6), other medical treatments (n = 4), and chemotherapy (n = 2). Ki-67 was ≥10% in 4/14 tumors. At the last follow-up [median 9 years (interquartile range (IQR) 4-15)], the median PRL was 12 µg/L (IQR 4-126), and the median tumor diameter was 22 mm (IQR 3-40). Normalized PRL was achieved in 55%, significant tumor reduction in 69%, and combined response (normalized PRL and significant tumor reduction) in 43%. In the primary DA-treated patients (n = 79), the reduction in PRL or tumor size after the first year predicted the combined response at the last follow-up (P < .001 and P = .012, respectively).
conclusionDAs effectively reduced PRL and tumor size, but approximately 1 patient out of 4 needed multimodal treatment. Our results suggest that the response to DA after 1 year is useful for identifying patients who need more careful monitoring and, in some cases, additional treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.