ReviewFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine2023
Sex differences in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and its roles in hypertension, cardiovascular, and kidney diseases.
Review in Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between renin angiotensin system and cognitive outcomes over 15 years: The Look AHEAD study.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2026Trial
- A randomized vagus nerve stimulation study demonstrates that serum aldosterone levels decrease with age in women, but not in men.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Blood ACE Activity Is Significantly Lowered in Psoriasis Compared to Atopic Dermatitis: A Small Pilot Study in Young Males.Current medical science · 2026Article
- Sex-dependent differences in mitochondrial protein acetylation in metabolic condition, oxidative stress, vascular dysfunction, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2026Review
- Review
- Comparative diagnostic accuracy of the triglyceride/HDL-c ratio and lipid accumulation product index for the early detection of metabolic syndrome among adults with obesity in Indonesia: findings from the 2023 Health Survey.Archives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
- Identification of end-stage renal disease-associated loci in X chromosome: an X chromosome-wide association study.MedScience · 2026Article
- Microbial Metabolite 4EPS Inhibits AT1R to Reduce Blood Pressure and Aortic Aneurysm Outcome.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2026Article
- Sex Differences in Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Disease in the UK Biobank: A Prospective Cohort Study.American journal of hypertension · 2026Article
- The relationship between estrogen and renin angiotensin system components in the context of hypertension.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2025Review
- Hypertension is associated with knee osteoarthritis pain in an age-dependent manner.Experimental gerontology · 2025Article
- A key role of ATAmerican journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2025Article
- Involvement of Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphism in Increased Cardiovascular Risk Disease in the Algerian Population.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Mineralocorticoid effects of fludrocortisone and hydrocortisone in primary adrenal insufficiency: EU-AIR patient data.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2025Observational
- Article
- Increased Salt-Sensitive Blood Pressure in Women vs Men: Is Relative Hyperaldosteronism the Mechanism?The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Menopause and its effects on autonomic regulation of blood pressure: Insights and perspectives.Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical · 2025Review
- The angiotensin II type 2 receptor attenuates aging-associated arterial stiffness in female mice.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2025Article
- Role of AT1angiotensin receptor antagonist in pulmonary complications induced by renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in male and female rats.BMC nephrology · 2025Article
- Physiological serum uric acid concentrations correlate with arterial stiffness in a sex-dependent manner.BMC medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a pathology that exhibits well-researched biological sex differences, making it possible for physicians to tailor preventative and therapeutic approaches for various diseases. Hypertension, which is defined as blood pressure greater than 130/80 mmHg, is the primary risk factor for developing coronary artery disease, stroke, and renal failure. Approximately 48% of American men and 43% of American women suffer from hypertension. Epidemiological data suggests that during reproductive years, women have much lower rates of hypertension than men. However, this protective effect disappears after the onset of menopause. Treatment-resistant hypertension affects approximately 10.3 million US adults and is unable to be controlled even after implementing ≥3 antihypertensives with complementary mechanisms. This indicates that other mechanisms responsible for modulating blood pressure are still unclear. Understanding the differences in genetic and hormonal mechanisms that lead to hypertension would allow for sex-specific treatment and an opportunity to improve patient outcomes. Therefore, this invited review will review and discuss recent advances in studying the sex-specific physiological mechanisms that affect the renin-angiotensin system and contribute to blood pressure control. It will also discuss research on sex differences in hypertension management, treatment, and outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.