ArticleInfectious diseases and therapy2023
Protective Effect of BCG and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio on Latent Tuberculosis in End Stage Renal Disease.
Article in Infectious diseases and therapy, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Risk Factors of Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Incarcerated Populations: A Case-Control Study in Shenzhen, China.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2026Article
- Association of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte-platelet ratio with residual renal function in early-stage peritoneal dialysis patients.Frontiers in nephrology · 2026Article
- The characteristics of latent tuberculosis infection and its influencing factors in hospitalized patients in Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.PloS one · 2025Article
- Association between systemic immune-inflammation index and latent tuberculosis infection: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and its association with latent tuberculosis infection and all-cause mortality in the US adult population: a cohort study from NHANES 2011-2012.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Recent advance in the development of tuberculosis vaccines in clinical trials and virus-like particle-based vaccine candidates.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionBacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination has been reported to be protective against latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in the general population. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of BCG vaccination against LTBI in adult patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and renal transplants.
methodsPatients aged ≥ 20 years with ESRD who received hemodialysis (HD), peritoneal dialysis (PD) or kidney transplant were enrolled from January 2012 to December 2019 at a medical center and a regional hemodialysis center. Patients with active tuberculosis (TB), previously treated TB, active immunosuppressant therapy or human immunodeficiency virus infection were excluded. LTBI status was determined by QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-tube (QFT-GIT).
resultsAfter the exclusion of indeterminate results of QFT-GIT, 517 participants were enrolled and 97 (18.8%) were identified as having LTBI. Participants with LTBI were older (55.1 ± 11.4 vs. 48.5 ± 14.6 years, p < 0.001) and had a significantly higher proportion receiving HD than those without LTBI (70.1% vs. 56.7%, p = 0.001). The percentage with BCG scars was higher in the non-LTBI group than in the LTBI group (94.8% vs. 81.4%, p < 0.001), whereas the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (≥ 2.68) was significantly higher in the LTBI group (62.8% vs. 45.5%, p = 0.02). By multivariate logistic regression analysis, presence of BCG scar and high NLR were independent protective factors against LTBI [adjusted OR: 0.19 (0.063-0.58, p = 0.001) and 0.50 (0.28-0.89, p = 0.02)].
conclusionThe prevalence of LTBI was as high as 18.8% in patients with end-stage kidney disease or kidney transplant. BCG vaccination and high NLR might have protective effects against LTBI in patients with renal failure or transplant.
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