SynthesisFrontiers in immunology2023
Systemic inflammation index, disease severity, and mortality in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) in rheumatic diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- The diagnostic role of the systemic inflammation index in patients with immunological diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Persistent inflammation, immunosuppression, and catabolism are associated with impaired lymphocytic mitochondrial metabolism during the early phase of sepsis. A single-center, prospective cohort study.Anaesthesiology intensive therapy · 2026Article
- Association of laboratory and radiological findings during hospitalization with early post-COVID pulmonary function and exercise capacity: a retrospective study.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2026Article
- Inflammatory Indices in Preterm Infants with Hemodynamically Significant Patent Ductus Arteriosus: Early Postnatal Patterns and Treatment Response.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The role of CAR and SII values in determining mortality in COVID-19 patients: a retrospective observational study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Observational
- Research status and hotspots of the systemic immune-inflammation index: A bibliometric analysis.Medicine · 2026Article
- Assessing disease activity in polymyalgia rheumatica using the systemic immune-inflammation index: A retrospective cross-sectional study.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Systemic immune-inflammatory index predicts all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in metabolic syndrome: A prospective cohort study using NHANES data.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2026Article
- Early Placental Angioactive Response to Maternal SARS-CoV-2 Infection: an Immunohistochemical Study.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2026Article
- Longitudinal Dynamics of Soluble NKG2D Ligands in Mild and Moderate Coronavirus Disease-2019.Yonago acta medica · 2026Article
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- Article
- Risk for COVID-19 Vulnerability in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Assessing Alterations in ACE2 and TMPRSS2.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- FIB-4, APRI, and ALRI as Predictors of COVID-19 Outcomes: Insights from a Large-Scale Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Persistence of High Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index as a Predictor of In-Hospital Mortality in COVID-19 Patients.Cureus · 2025Article
- Comparative Insights into COVID-19 and Tuberculosis: Clinical Manifestations, Inflammatory Markers, and Outcomes in Pulmonary Versus Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis andJournal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Association of pan-immune inflammation value and lung health in adults.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Article
- Prognostic analysis and association of the systemic immune-inflammatory index with immune checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Colliding Challenges Part 2: An Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Patients with Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis Versus SARS-CoV-2 Infection Alone.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: An excessive systemic pro-inflammatory state increases the risk of severe disease and mortality in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, there is uncertainty regarding whether specific biomarkers of inflammation can enhance risk stratification in this group. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate an emerging biomarker of systemic inflammation derived from routine hematological parameters, the systemic inflammation index (SII), in COVID-19 patients with different disease severity and survival status. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, between the 1 Results: In 39 studies, patients with a severe disease or non-survivor status had significantly higher SII values on admission compared to patients with a non-severe disease or survivor status (standard mean difference (SMD)=0.91, 95% CI 0.75 to 1.06, p<0.001; moderate certainty of evidence). The SII was also significantly associated with the risk of severe disease or death in 10 studies reporting odds ratios (1.007, 95% CI 1.001 to 1.014, p=0.032; very low certainty of evidence) and in six studies reporting hazard ratios (1.99, 95% CI 1.01 to 3.92, p=0.047; very low certainty of evidence). Pooled sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve for severe disease or mortality were 0.71 (95% CI 0.67 to 0.75), 0.71 (95% CI 0.64 to 0.77), and 0.77 (95% CI 0.73 to 0.80), respectively. In meta-regression, significant correlations were observed between the SMD and albumin, lactate dehydrogenase, creatinine, and D-dimer. Discussion: Our systematic review and meta-analysis has shown that the SII on admission is significantly associated with severe disease and mortality in patients with COVID-19. Therefore, this inflammatory biomarker derived from routine haematological parameters can be helpful for early risk stratification in this group. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, identifier CRD42023420517.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.