ReviewCureus2023
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors as a Treatment Option for Bladder Cancer: Current Evidence.
Review in Cureus, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Influence of Gut Microbiota on Response to Immune Check Point Inhibitors in MASLD Patients With HCC: Unraveling the Connection.Cancer medicine · 2026Review
- APR-246 drives ROS-dependent ferroptosis and apoptosis and enhances anti-PD-1 efficacy in bladder cancer.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- KNTC1 initiates a KNTC1/E2F8/MYC positive feedback loop to facilitate tumorigenesis and enhance chemoresistance in bladder cancer.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2026Article
- Enfortumab vedotin demonstrates consistent efficacy in platinum- and ICI-refractory metastatic urothelial carcinoma patients irrespective of prior response: a multicenter real-world study.Central European journal of urology · 2026Article
- The role of exosomes in bladder cancer immunotherapy.Journal of the National Cancer Center · 2025Review
- Salivary biomarkers: a promising approach for predicting immunotherapy response in head and neck cancers.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Review
- An overview of immune checkpoint inhibitor toxicities in bladder cancer.Toxicology reports · 2024Review
- The evolution of cancer immunotherapy: a comprehensive review of its history and current perspectives.Korean journal of clinical oncology · 2024Review
- A Novel Chimeric Oncolytic Virus Mediates a Multifaceted Cellular Immune Response in a Syngeneic B16 Melanoma Model.Cancers · 2024Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy‑related pneumonitis: How, when and why to diagnose and manage (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2024Review
- Cancer Patient-Derived Cell-Based Models: Applications and Challenges in Functional Precision Medicine.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Immune-checkpoint gene expression and BCG response in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.Translational oncology · 2024Article
- CD44 in Bladder Cancer.Cancers · 2024Review
- Revealing the mechanisms of RAC3 in tumor aggressiveness, the immunotherapy response, and drug resistance in bladder cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 10 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bladder cancer is a prevalent disease, and treatment options for advanced bladder cancer remain limited. However, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) have shown promise in treating bladder cancer. These drugs work by blocking receptors and ligands, disrupting signaling, and allowing T cells to recognize and attack cancer cells. ICIs have been found to be effective in treating bladder cancer, especially in cases of metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC) that have progressed after chemotherapy. Furthermore, combination therapy with ICIs and chemotherapy or radiation therapy has shown promise in treating bladder cancer. While there are challenges associated with ICIs, including adverse effects, immune-related adverse events, and lack of efficacy in some patients, they remain a promising option for bladder cancer treatment, especially in cases where other treatment options have failed. This review paper focuses on the current role, challenges, and future trends of immunotherapy in the management of bladder cancer.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.