ArticleAlcohol, clinical & experimental research2023
Altered urinary tryptophan metabolites in alcohol-associated liver disease.
Article in Alcohol, clinical & experimental research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Urinary Complement Proteomics: Toward Precision Biomarkers in Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2026Article
- Nutrient control enables metabolic reconstruction ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Role of central and peripheral serotonin in liver physiology and diseases.Theranostics · 2026Review
- Uncovering the sex steroid hormone secrets in alcohol.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2025Article
- Article
- The Protective Effects of L-Theanine against Epigallocatechin Gallate-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAlcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) leads to millions of deaths worldwide annually. A few potential biomarkers of ALD have been discovered through metabolomic or proteomic analysis. Tryptophan (Trp), one of nine essential amino acids, has been extensively studied and shown to play significant roles in many mammalian physiological processes. However, Trp metabolism changes in ALD are not yet fully understood. Whereas urine is an abundant and non-invasive source for disease biomarker discovery the current study investigated whether the abundance of Trp metabolites in the urine of ALD patients differs from that of healthy subjects. We also examined whether, if present in ALD, changes in urinary Trp metabolites can serve as markers for differentiating between mild/moderate and severe ALD.
methodsWe quantified the concentration of Trp and its metabolites in urine samples of healthy controls (n = 18), patients with mild or moderate alcohol-related liver injury (non-severe ALD; n = 21), and patients with severe alcohol-associated hepatitis (severe AH; n = 25) using both untargeted and targeted metabolomics.
resultsEighteen Trp metabolites were identified and quantified from the untargeted metabolomics data. We developed a targeted metabolomics method to quantify the Trp and its metabolites and quantified 17 metabolites from the human urine samples. The data acquired in the untargeted and targeted platforms agreed and showed that the Trp concentration is not affected by the severity of ALD. However, the abundance of 10 Trp metabolites was correlated with the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score, with the abundance of nine metabolites significantly different between the healthy control and ALD patient groups.
conclusionWe found that Trp metabolism differs between ALD patients and healthy controls even though the concentration of Trp was not affected. Two Trp metabolites, quinolinic acid and indoxyl sulfate, correlate highly with the severity of ALD.
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