SynthesisInternational journal of molecular sciences2023
The Role of Activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and RAF/MEK/ERK Pathways in Aggressive Pituitary Adenomas-New Potential Therapeutic Approach-A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in International journal of molecular sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- "Tamoxifen for residual NF-PitNETs: A Proof-of-Concept study integrating receptor profiling, pilot trial, and target pathway analysis".Endocrine · 2025Trial
- Irisin-BDNF axis mediates muscle-brain communication: a complete molecular cascade and potential bidirectional feedback from peripheral activation to central protection.Biogerontology · 2026Review
- Inflammation, oxidative stress and purinergic signaling in pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs).Purinergic signalling · 2026Review
- Decoding Cervical Neuroendocrine Carcinoma: A Practical Review of Diagnostic Pitfalls, Differential Diagnosis and Molecular Insights.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Insulin-like growth factor 2 as a central regulator of growth and metabolic efficiency in livestock: Genetic, nutritional, and biotechnological perspectives.Veterinary world · 2026Review
- Review
- Ginsenoside-Rh2 inhibits U251 glioma cell migration and invasion via the Gab2/Akt2 pathway.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Repurposing the Antibiotic Tigecycline to Inhibit Tumor Growth and Hormone Secretion in Somatotroph Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors.International journal of endocrinology · 2026Article
- Deficiency of anterior pituitary hormones in Noonan syndrome and its impact on response to growth hormone therapy.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2025Article
- Review
- Collagen in pituitary adenomas: A comprehensive review of biological roles and clinical implications.Journal of clinical & translational endocrinology · 2025Review
- Spatial transcriptomics reveal PI3K-AKT and metabolic alterations in aggressive, treatment-resistant lactotroph pituitary neuroendocrine tumors.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2025Article
- Cabergoline-induced NDFIP1 upregulation in pituitary neuroendocrine tumor cells activates mTOR signaling and contributes to cabergoline resistance.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Role of the circular RNAs/microRNA/messenger RNA axis in renal cell carcinoma: From gene regulation to metabolism and immunity.iScience · 2025Review
- The role of everolimus in malignant bone tumor therapy: Molecular mechanisms, preclinical evidence, and advances in clinical applications.Oncology reviews · 2025Review
- Targeting the PI3K Pathway: Advancements and Achievements in Breast Cancer Therapy.Current pharmaceutical design · 2025Review
- Comprehensive transcriptomic analysis identifies three distinct subtypes of pituitary adenomas: insights into tumor behavior, prognosis, and stem cell characteristics.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Article
- Current Insights in Prolactin Signaling and Ovulatory Function.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Everolimus in pituitary tumor: a review of preclinical and clinical evidence.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
- Aggressive and Metastatic Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors: Therapeutic Management and Off-Label Drug Use.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pituitary tumors (PT) are mostly benign, although occasionally they demonstrate aggressive behavior, invasion of surrounding tissues, rapid growth, resistance to conventional treatments, and multiple recurrences. The pathogenesis of PT is still not fully understood, and the factors responsible for its invasiveness, aggressiveness, and potential for metastasis are unknown. RAF/MEK/ERK and mTOR signaling are significant pathways in the regulation of cell growth, proliferation, and survival, its importance in tumorigenesis has been highlighted. The aim of our review is to determine the role of the activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and RAF/MEK/ERK pathways in the pathogenesis of pituitary tumors. Additionally, we evaluate their potential in a new therapeutic approach to provide alternative therapies and improved outcomes for patients with aggressive pituitary tumors that do not respond to standard treatment. We perform a systematic literature search using the PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases (search date was 2012-2023). Out of the 529 screened studies, 13 met the inclusion criteria, 7 related to the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, and 7 to the RAF/MEK/ERK pathway (one study was used in both analyses). Understanding the specific factors involved in PT tumorigenesis provides opportunities for targeted therapies. We also review the possible new targeted therapies and the use of mTOR inhibitors and TKI in PT management. Although the RAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways play a pivotal role in the complex signaling network along with many interactions, further research is urgently needed to clarify the exact functions and the underlying mechanisms of these signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of pituitary adenomas and their role in its invasiveness and aggressive clinical outcome.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.