ReviewCureus2023
The Safety and Efficacy of Rituximab and Belimumab in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Systematic Review.
Review in Cureus, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of 6-Month High-Impact and Resistance Exercise on Regional Strength and BMD of Spine: A Clinical Trial Combined with a Finite-Element Study.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2026Trial
- Belimumab in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: From B-Cell Biology to Disease Modification.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Efficacy of low dose of rituximab to treat systemic lupus erythematosus.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Applications of artificial intelligence in systemic lupus erythematosus: integrating multi-omics data for precision medicine.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Design and development of a bispecific antibody targeting BAFF and IL-17 for systemic lupus erythematosus treatment.BMC biology · 2025Article
- Dihydroartemisinin Alleviates the Symptoms of a Mouse Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Through Regulating Splenic T/B-Cell Heterogeneity.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
- Plasma cell-free DNA genome-wide methylation profiling enables detection and activity assessment in systemic lupus erythematosus.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Case Report: A case of membranous nephropathy associated with primary Sjögren's syndrome treated with telitacicept.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- CAR T cell therapy for refractory pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus: a new era of hope?Pediatric rheumatology online journal · 2024Review
- A new perspective on therapies involving B-cell depletion in autoimmune diseases.Molecular biology reports · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There is a vital role of B cells in the pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Belimumab (Bel), an inhibitor of B cell activating factor (BAFF), and Rituximab (RTX), a monoclonal antibody targeting Cd20 antigen, have been used to manage systemic lupus. Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have evaluated these two agents' clinical efficacy and safety in different manifestations of SLE. This study aims to review the randomized control trials involving these two agents systematically and to explain if any disparity is noticed in the primary and secondary outcomes between these two agents. This study is done according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. After applying the inclusion criteria and quality assessment by independent reviewers and co-authors, relevant papers were identified, and data were extracted. The results have shown that RCTs involving Belimumab achieved primary endpoints; however, targeted endpoints were not achieved in studies involving Rituximab. It is concluded that despite the conflicting results obtained in clinical trials, both are effective in systemic lupus, as indicated in real-world clinical experience. However, better-designed multicenter studies evaluating these B-cell-targeting drugs are needed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.