SynthesisNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology2023
Do oral antidiabetic medications alter the risk of Parkinson's disease? An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2023. The graph read 1 number from its abstract, feeding 1 cell of the map: it . Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
Pooled analysis failed to show any significant difference in the risk of PD among users of metformin (HR: 1.05 95% CI: 0.91, 1.22 I CONCLUSIONS: Limited retrospective evidence indicates that DPP4i may reduce the risk of idiopathic PD in diabetics.
clause the extractor read what became the number
Where it lands on the map
Rows are treatments, columns are outcomes. The coloured squares are the cells this paper feeds, coloured by the vote it casts there. Click one to jump to what this paper adds to it.
What it adds to each cell
For every cell the paper feeds: the belief in the claim with and without this paper, and this paper's estimate drawn against every other readable study in the cell. The ringed dot is this paper.
Metformin×pharmacokinetics & dosing
No readable resultOpen on the map →What to test next →2 readable studies in this cell: 0 favour the treatment, 2 find no difference, 0 favour the comparator.
This paper's own estimate is on a different scale from the rest of the cell, so it is not drawn here.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Use of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Risk of Parkinson's Disease: Scandinavian Cohort Study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Repurposing Antidiabetic Medications for Parkinson's Disease: Focus on Biomarker Strategies for Disease Modification.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Modifiable risk factors associated with the risk of developing Parkinson's disease: a critical review.Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria · 2025Review
- Targeting Ferroptosis in Parkinson's: Repurposing Diabetes Drugs as a Promising Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Risk of Parkinson's Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Population-Based Cohort Study.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2024Article
- Metformin Lysosomal Targeting: A Novel Aspect to Be Investigated for Metformin Repurposing in Neurodegenerative Diseases?International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Frailty and Parkinson's disease: the role of diabetes mellitus.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Review
- Metformin: The Winding Path from Understanding Its Molecular Mechanisms to Proving Therapeutic Benefits in Neurodegenerative Disorders.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The marked sentences are the ones the graph read a number from.
backgroundDiabetes mellitus is a known risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD), but does this risk vary with antidiabetic medications is still unclear. This meta-analysis aims to compile evidence from the literature to assess the risk of idiopathic PD with various oral antidiabetic medications.
methodsDatabases PubMed, CENTRAL, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase were searched till 5th April 2023. Adjusted outcomes were pooled to generate a hazard ratio (HR) on the risk of PD with different antidiabetic medications.
resultsFifteen studies with 2,910,405 diabetic patients were eligible. Pooled analysis failed to show any significant difference in the risk of PD among users of metformin (HR: 1.05 95% CI: 0.91, 1.22 I
conclusionsLimited retrospective evidence indicates that DPP4i may reduce the risk of idiopathic PD in diabetics. Metformin, sulfonylureas, glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists, and glitazones were not associated with any change in the risk of PD. Further studies taking into confounding factors and using a common comparator group are needed to strengthen present evidence.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.