ReviewDiabetologia2023
Incretins and cardiovascular disease: to the heart of type 2 diabetes?
Review in Diabetologia, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beyond GLP-1: efficacy and safety of dual and triple incretin agonists in personalized type 2 diabetes care-a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Acta diabetologica · 2025Pooled it
- Current management of chronic kidney disease in type-2 diabetes-A tiered approach: An overview of the joint Association of British Clinical Diabetologists and UK Kidney Association (ABCD-UKKA) guidelines.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2025Guideline
- Effect of lixisenatide on arterial stiffness in people with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease: Results of a randomised controlled trial.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Trial
- Oral glucose absorption is enhanced in early metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Incretin-based therapies and PPARγ agonists as regulators of adipokines-Nrf2 axis in diabetic cardiovascular disease.Global cardiology science & practice · 2026Review
- Review
- Cardiovascular adverse event reporting profile of tirzepatide: a real-world pharmacovigilance analysis of heart failure, arrhythmias, and ischemic events.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Comparative Gastrointestinal Safety of Dulaglutide, Semaglutide, and Tirzepatide in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes.Annals of internal medicine · 2026Article
- Hydrogen Sulfide Deficiency and Therapeutic Targeting in Cardiometabolic HFpEF: Evidence for Synergistic Benefit With GLP-1/Glucagon Agonism.JACC. Basic to translational science · 2025Article
- Low Dose GLP-1 Therapy Attenuates Pathological Cardiac and Hepatic Remodelling in HFpEF Independent of Weight Loss.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Research Progress on the Association Between GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Cardiomyopathy.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Review
- Refining the link between obesity and heart failure: insights from GLP-1 receptor agonist trials and studies adopting direct adiposity measures.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Review
- A Hypothesis That Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists Exert Immediate and Multifaceted Effects by Activating Adenosine Monophosphate-Activate Protein Kinase (AMPK).Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- GLP-1R in diabetes mellitus: from basic discovery to therapeutics development.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Glucagon-like-peptide-1 receptor agonists and the management of type 2 diabetes-backwards and forwards.World journal of diabetes · 2024Article
- Special Issue: "Anti-inflammatory Effects of Glucagon-like Peptide-1".International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Incretins: turning the venom into the antidote.Diabetologia · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Major cardiovascular outcome trials and real-life observations have proven that glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), regardless of structural GLP-1 homology, exert clinically relevant cardiovascular protection. GLP-1RAs provide cardioprotective benefits through glycaemic and non-glycaemic effects, including improved insulin secretion and action, body-weight loss, blood-pressure lowering and improved lipid profile, as well as via direct effects on the heart and vasculature. These actions are likely combined with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that translate into robust and consistent reductions in atherothrombotic events, particularly in people with type 2 diabetes and established atherosclerotic CVD. GLP-1RAs may also have an impact on obesity and chronic kidney disease, conditions for which cardiovascular risk-reducing options are limited. The available evidence has prompted professional and medical societies to recommend GLP-1RAs for mitigation of the cardiovascular risk in people with type 2 diabetes. This review summarises the clinical evidence for cardiovascular protection with use of GLP-1RAs and the main mechanisms underlying this effect. Moreover, it looks into how the availability of upcoming dual and triple incretin receptor agonists might expand the possibility for cardiovascular protection in people with type 2 diabetes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.