SynthesisFrontiers in endocrinology2023
Effect of gluten-free diet on autoimmune thyroiditis progression in patients with no symptoms or histology of celiac disease: a meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Autoimmune thyroiditis and comorbid autoimmune diseases: global research landscape and future directions.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of Gluten-Free Diet in Non-Celiac Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Trial
- Quantitative Multi-Parameter MRI Evaluation of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis Changes After Dietary Interventions.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2025Trial
- Trial
- From genes to environment: A life-course approach to prevent pediatric autoimmune diseases.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2026Review
- The role of nutrition on thyroid health and disease: myths and facts.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Review
- Beyond levothyroxine: a narrative review of adjunctive management strategies for Hashimoto's thyroiditis.Gland surgery · 2026Review
- Effects of Selected Cereal Concentrates and a Gluten-Free Diet on Ovarian, Testicular, and Thyroid Gland Morphology.Physiological research · 2026Article
- The gut microbiota in Graves' disease: mechanistic insights and clinical implications.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Beyond celiac disease: the potential role of gluten in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Dietary Intervention for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus patients based on HLA-DQ2 and DQ8 genotyping (DISH): a protocol for a randomised controlled study.Lupus science & medicine · 2025Article
- Evaluation of Serum CTRP-4 and CTRP-12 Levels in Hashimoto's Thyroiditis Patients: A Comparative Analysis with a Control Group and Their Correlation with Biochemical Factors.Iranian journal of pathology · 2025Article
- The Role of Gluten in the Development of Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases: A Narrative Review.International journal of endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Review
- The Impacts of Inflammatory and Autoimmune Conditions on the Endometrium and Reproductive Outcomes.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Gluten and Wheat in Women's Health: Beyond the Gut.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Efficacy of Combined Photobiomodulation Therapy with Supplements versus Supplements alone in Restoring Thyroid Gland Homeostasis in Hashimoto Thyroiditis: A Clinical Feasibility Parallel Trial with 6-Months Follow-Up.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
- Lifestyle Medicine's Role in Common Hormonal Disorders: A Case-Based Discussion.American journal of lifestyle medicineReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is the most common autoimmune disease. HT may be associated with nonthyroidal autoimmune diseases, including celiac disease (CD) or other gluten-related conditions (GRC). In the last years, interest about gluten-free diet (GFD) has increased for its supposed extraintestinal anti-inflammatory effect; thus, many patients with HT initiate GFD on their own. Objectives: The aim of this meta-analysis is to examine all available data in literature about the effect of a GFD on TgAb, TPOAb, TSH, FT4, and FT3 levels in patients with HT and no symptoms or histology of CD. Methods: The study was conducted according to MOOSE (Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology). The search was performed on databases PubMed and Scopus. The last search was performed on 7 February 2023. Quality assessment was performed. Meta-analyses were performed using the random-effect model. Hedges' Results: The online search retrieved 409 articles, and 4 studies with a total of 87 patients were finally included for quantitative analysis. The risk of bias was generally low. The mean period of GFD was almost 6 months. The meta-analyses showed reduction in antibody levels with ES: -0.39 for TgAb (95% CI: -0.81 to +0.02; Conclusion: This is the first meta-analysis investigating the effect of GFD on HT. Our results seem to indicate a positive effect of the gluten deprivation on thyroid function and its inflammation, particularly in patients with HT and GRC. However, current lines of evidence are not yet sufficient to recommend this dietary approach to all patients with a diagnosis of HT.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.