ArticleCerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)2023
Longitudinal developmental trajectories of functional connectivity reveal regional distribution of distinct age effects in infancy.
Article in Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A comprehensive systematic review of fMRI studies on brain connectivity in healthy children and adolescents: Current insights and future directions.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2024Pooled it
- Functional brain connectivity from the fetal period through infancy: A narrative review of resting-state fMRI studies.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2026Review
- Language network functional connectivity in infancy predicts developmental language trajectories.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2026Article
- Impact of prenatal exposure to airborne particulate matter on local functional connections in the cerebral cortex of neonates.NeuroImage · 2026Article
- Functional brain growth trajectories across the first decade of life from a single longitudinal cohort.Research square · 2026Article
- The promise of infant MRI in psychiatry: toward a framework for neural network measures in early emotional and behavioral risk identification and new intervention targets.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Review
- Age-related patterns of resting EEG power in infancy: Associations with prenatal socioeconomic disadvantage.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2025Article
- Edge participation coefficient unveiling the developmental dynamics of neonatal functional connectome.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Language network functional connectivity in infancy predicts developmental language trajectories.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Sex differences in brain-behavior relationships in the first 2 years of life.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2025Article
- Functional structure of local connections and differentiation of cerebral cortex areas in the neonate.NeuroImage · 2024Article
- Infant neuroscience: how to measure brain activity in the youngest minds.Trends in neurosciences · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Prior work has shown that different functional brain networks exhibit different maturation rates, but little is known about whether and how different brain areas may differ in the exact shape of longitudinal functional connectivity growth trajectories during infancy. We used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during natural sleep to characterize developmental trajectories of different regions using a longitudinal cohort of infants at 3 weeks (neonate), 1 year, and 2 years of age (n = 90; all with usable data at three time points). A novel whole brain heatmap analysis was performed with four mixed-effect models to determine the best fit of age-related changes for each functional connection: (i) growth effects: positive-linear-age, (ii) emergent effects: positive-log-age, (iii) pruning effects: negative-quadratic-age, and (iv) transient effects: positive-quadratic-age. Our results revealed that emergent (logarithmic) effects dominated developmental trajectory patterns, but significant pruning and transient effects were also observed, particularly in connections centered on inferior frontal and anterior cingulate areas that support social learning and conflict monitoring. Overall, unique global distribution patterns were observed for each growth model indicating that developmental trajectories for different connections are heterogeneous. All models showed significant effects concentrated in association areas, highlighting the dominance of higher-order social/cognitive development during the first 2 years of life.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.