Observational studyRMD open2023
Risk factors for severe COVID-19 among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a real-world analysis of a large representative US administrative claims database, 2020-2021.
Observational study in RMD open, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vaccination and the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus: a meta-analysis of observational studies.Arthritis research & therapy · 2024Pooled it
- An updated meta-analysis of Chinese herbal medicine for the prevention of COVID-19 based on Western-Eastern medicine.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Pooled it
- Article
- Impact of Rituximab on COVID-19 in Immunocompromised Patients: A Nationwide Cohort Study in Korea.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Article
- Real-world treatment patterns, healthcare resource utilisation and costs in patients with SLE in the USA.Lupus science & medicine · 2024Article
- Risk factors for severe COVID-19 infection and the impact of COVID-19 infection on disease progression among patients with AAV.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo identify risk factors for progression to severe COVID-19 and estimate the odds of severe COVID-19 associated with vaccination among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
methodsThis retrospective cohort study identified adults with SLE in the Merative™ MarketScan
resultsAmong 2890 patients with SLE with COVID-19, 500 (16.4%) had a COVID-19-related hospitalisation. Significant risk factors for progression to severe COVID-19 included rituximab (OR (95% CI) 2.92 (1.67 to 5.12)), renal failure (2.15 (95% CI 1.56 to 2.97)), Medicaid (vs Commercial; 2.01 (95% CI 1.58 to 2.57)), complicated hypertension (1.96 (95% CI 1.38 to 2.77)) and time of infection, among others. Vaccination had a significant protective effect (0.68(95% CI 0.54 to 0.87)) among all patients with SLE with COVID-19, but the effect was not significant among those with prior use of belimumab, rituximab or corticosteroids.
conclusionsCertain chronic comorbidities and SLE medications increase the odds of progression to severe COVID-19 among patients with SLE, but vaccination confers significant protection. Vaccine effectiveness may be attenuated by SLE treatments. Protective measures such as pre-exposure prophylaxis and booster vaccines should be encouraged among patients with SLE.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.