ArticleJournal of endocrinological investigation2024
Causal effects of diabetic retinopathy on depression, anxiety and bipolar disorder in the European population: a Mendelian randomization study.
Article in Journal of endocrinological investigation, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bidirectional relationship of diabetic retinopathy with anxiety and depression: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Shared genetic architecture of psychiatric disorders and ocular diseases: Evidence from genome-wide analyses.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Linking diabetic retinal changes with the occurrence of anxiety and depression in working population.Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2026Article
- Identification of cancer-associated fibroblast signature genes for potential biomarkers in cholangiocarcinoma: a Mendelian randomization study.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Na-Cl Cotransporter (SLC12A3) Inhibition Exacerbates Age-Related Macular Degeneration Via the Nrf2/HO-1 Ferroptosis Pathway.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- [Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Exploring Therapeutic Targets for Age-Related Macular Degeneration From Circulating Proteins to Plasma Metabolites in the European Population.Translational vision science & technology · 2025Article
- Association of Age-Related Eye Diseases with Comorbidity of Coronary Heart Disease and Depression in a Population-Based Cohort Study.Psychology research and behavior management · 2025Article
- Psychometric Impact of Diabetic Retinopathy-Induced Visual Impairment: A Hospital-Based Study, Al Buraimi, Sultanate of Oman.Clinical optometry · 2025Article
- Statins as a risk factor for diabetic retinopathy: a Mendelian randomization and cross-sectional observational study.Journal of translational medicine · 2024 · on this mapObservational
- Predictive model for identifying mild cognitive impairment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A CHAID decision tree analysis.Brain and behavior · 2024Article
- Causal relationship between plasma lipidome and four types of pancreatitis: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Causal associations between smoking and ocular diseases: a Mendelian randomization study.Advances in ophthalmology practice and researchArticle
- Association between myopia and diabetic retinopathy: A two-sample mendelian randomization study.Advances in ophthalmology practice and researchArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo verify the causal effects of diabetic retinopathy (DR) on depression, anxiety and bipolar disorder (BD).
methodsMendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to identify the causal relationships between DR and depression or anxiety or BD via using DR-related GWAS data (14,584 cases and 176,010 controls), depression-related GWAS data (59,851 cases and 113,154 controls), anxiety-related GWAS data (7016 cases and 14,745 controls) and BD-related GWAS data (41,917 cases and 371,549 controls). The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) model was adopted to estimate the causal relationship. The outcome was expressed as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).
resultsThe MR analysis results presented that DR was causally associated with a significantly increased risk of BD in the European population (IVW, OR = 1.06, 95%CI [1.03, 1.08], P = 2.44 × 10
conclusionsThe results of the current MR analysis indicated a causal relationship between DR and BD in the European population, while there was no causal connection between DR and depression or anxiety. However, further research is needed to confirm these conclusions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.