ArticlePathogens (Basel, Switzerland)2023
Patterns, Cost, and Immunological Response of MDR vs. Non MDR-Bacteremia: A Prospective Cohort Study.
Article in Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence, trends, and molecular insights into colistin resistance among gram-negative bacteria in Egypt: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials · 2025Pooled it
- Article
- Prevalence and genotypic distribution of virulence factor genes and antibiotic susceptibility profiles in clinicalMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Association of procalcitonin levels with multidrug-resistant bloodstream infections: a prospective cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Patterns and Predictors ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections in Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices: Insights from a Retrospective Analysis of Multidrug-Resistant and Non-Multidrug-Resistant Isolates.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Observational
- Non-antibiotic therapies for multidrug-resistant gastrointestinal infections: an overview of the use of probiotics, natural compounds, and bacteriophages.Frontiers in antibiotics · 2025Review
- Prevalence and Molecular Epidemiology of Intestinal Colonization by Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria among Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation Recipients: A Bulgarian Single-Center Study.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Patterns, Outcomes and Economic Burden of Primary vs. Secondary Bloodstream Infections: A Single Center, Cross-Sectional Study.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant global health concern, posing a critical challenge for the effective management of infectious diseases. This study aimed to compare the immunological response, clinical outcomes, and associated costs in patients with bacteremia due to antibiotic-resistant vs. susceptible bacterial microorganisms.
methodsThis study was a single-center, prospective cohort study conducted from May 2017 to November 2019. The study population consisted of patients admitted with a confirmed diagnosis of bacteremia.
resultsA total of 116 patients were included, with 53 (45.7%) harboring non-multidrug-resistant (non-MDR) bacterial isolates and 63 (54.3%) harboring multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial isolates. Patients with MDR bacteremia had more severe clinical presentations, as indicated by higher SOFA and APACHE II scores. Results revealed higher all-cause mortality rates (39.7% vs. 17%) and median healthcare costs (€4791 vs. €2843.5) in the MDR bacteremia group. Moreover, MDR bacteremia was linked to higher levels of TNF-a, indicating a differential immune response. Furthermore, MDR bacteremia was found to be an independent predictor of mortality (OR = 3.216, 95% CI: 1.338-7.730,
conclusionThese findings underscore the significant impact of antimicrobial resistance in healthcare settings, highlighting the urgency of addressing the challenges posed by MDR microorganisms.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.