ArticleAnnual reviews in control2023
A Review of Current State-of-the-Art Control Methods for Lower-Limb Powered Prostheses.
Article in Annual reviews in control, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed.
- The clinical effects of the Össur Power Knee with phase-based and default control during sitting, standing, and walking.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025Trial
- Comparing volitional electromyographic control strategies: from proportional mapping to muscle modeling and reflex augmentation.Biomedical engineering letters · 2026Article
- Cyberlegs X-Leg at CYBATHLON 2024: insights on the control development of an active transfemoral prosthesis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Assessing Interstimulus Interval and Waveform Effects on Vibrotactile Pattern Recognition on the Forearm for Transfemoral Prosthetic Sensory Feedback.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Toward more intuitive prosthetic control: structured residual muscle training in transtibial amputees.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Lower-limb prosthetic mechanisms: recent progress, control innovations and barriers to real-world adoption.Biomedical engineering online · 2026Review
- Design and evaluation of a bone-anchored, neurally-controlled knee prosthesis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Fast walking with swing extension assistance in a nominally passive semi-powered prosthetic knee.Frontiers in robotics and AI · 2026Article
- Article
- Editorial: Advances in smart and adaptive prosthetic and wearable technologies.Frontiers in robotics and AI · 2026Article
- Design and Testing of an Emg-Controlled Semi-Active Knee Prosthesis.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Wearable technologies for assisted mobility in the real world.Nature communications · 2025Review
- Vibrotactile Haptic and Gesture Feedback in a Smartwatch for Controlling a Multi-Activity Powered Knee-Ankle Prosthesis.Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference · 2025Article
- Adapting Biomimetic Kinematics for Controlling a Powered-Knee, Passive-Ankle Prosthesis Across Inclines.IEEE ... International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics : [proceedings] · 2025Article
- A Task-Agnostic Approach to Unified Multi-Activity Gait Phase Estimation via Bilateral Sensing.IEEE ... International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics : [proceedings] · 2025Article
- Implementation and Validation of a Data-Driven Variable Impedance Controller on the Össur Power Knee.IEEE ... International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics : [proceedings] · 2025Article
- Enhancing Robot Transparency in Human-Robot Prosthesis Interaction to Mitigate Terrain Misrecognition Error.IEEE transactions on medical robotics and bionics · 2025Article
- Mode-Unified Intent Estimation of a Robotic Prosthesis using Deep-Learning.IEEE robotics and automation letters · 2025Article
- Somatosensory restoration and neural control strategies in lower-limb prostheses.npj biomedical innovations · 2025Review
- Unified Control of a Powered Knee-Ankle Prosthesis Enables Walking, Stairs, Transitions, and Other Daily Ambulation Activities.IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Lower-limb prostheses aim to restore ambulatory function for individuals with lower-limb amputations. While the design of lower-limb prostheses is important, this paper focuses on the complementary challenge - the control of lower-limb prostheses. Specifically, we focus on powered prostheses, a subset of lower-limb prostheses, which utilize actuators to inject mechanical power into the walking gait of a human user. In this paper, we present a review of existing control strategies for lower-limb powered prostheses, including the control objectives, sensing capabilities, and control methodologies. We separate the various control methods into three main tiers of prosthesis control: high-level control for task and gait phase estimation, mid-level control for desired torque computation (both with and without the use of reference trajectories), and low-level control for enforcing the computed torque commands on the prosthesis. In particular, we focus on the high- and mid-level control approaches in this review. Additionally, we outline existing methods for customizing the prosthetic behavior for individual human users. Finally, we conclude with a discussion on future research directions for powered lower-limb prostheses based on the potential of current control methods and open problems in the field.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.