Evidence mapPaperPMID 37675637Full record

ArticleArteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology2023

PAR4 Inhibition Reduces Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis and Myocardial Fibrosis in SR-B1/LDLR Double Knockout Mice.

Samuel K Lee, Rida A Malik, Ji Zhou, Wei Wang, Peter L Gross, Jeffrey I Weitz, Rithwik Ramachandran, Bernardo L Trigatti

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Targeting PAR4 to Reduce Atherosclerosis.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2023
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Samuel K LeeThrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Rida A MalikThrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-7118-8715
Ji ZhouThrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-3856-1845
Wei WangThrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-7623-3140
Peter L GrossThrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-8698-7074
Jeffrey I WeitzThrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-1092-7550
Rithwik RamachandranDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada (R.R.).ORCID 0000-0001-9557-9905
Bernardo L TrigattiThrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-4556-119X
Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute · CAWestern University · CA

Funding

CIHR 376560CIHR MOP-74753CIHR PJT-178225
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSR-B1 (scavenger receptor class B type 1)/LDLR (low-density lipoprotein receptor) double knockout mice fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet containing cholate exhibit coronary artery disease characterized by occlusive coronary artery atherosclerosis, platelet accumulation in coronary arteries, and myocardial fibrosis. Platelets are involved in atherosclerosis development, and PAR (protease-activated receptor) 4 has a prominent role in platelet function in mice. However, the role of PAR4 on coronary artery disease in mice has not been tested.

methodsWe tested the effects of a PAR4 inhibitory pepducin (RAG8) on diet-induced aortic sinus and coronary artery atherosclerosis, platelet accumulation in atherosclerotic coronary arteries, and myocardial fibrosis in SR-B1/LDLR double knockout mice. SR-B1/LDLR double knockout mice were fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet containing cholate and injected daily with 20 mg/kg of either the RAG8 pepducin or a control reverse-sequence pepducin (SRQ8) for 20 days.

resultsPlatelets from the RAG8-treated mice exhibited reduced thrombin and PAR4 agonist peptide-mediated activation compared with those from control SRQ8-treated mice when tested ex vivo. Although aortic sinus atherosclerosis levels did not differ, RAG8-treated mice exhibited reduced coronary artery atherosclerosis, reduced platelet accumulation in atherosclerotic coronary arteries, and reduced myocardial fibrosis. These protective effects were not accompanied by changes in circulating lipids, inflammatory cytokines, or immune cells. However, RAG8-treated mice exhibited reduced VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule 1) protein levels in nonatherosclerotic coronary artery cross sections and reduced leukocyte accumulation in atherosclerotic coronary artery cross sections compared with those from SRQ8-treated mice.

conclusionsThe PAR4 inhibitory RAG8 pepducin reduced coronary artery atherosclerosis and myocardial fibrosis in SR-B1/LDLR double knockout mice fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet containing cholate. Furthermore, RAG8 reduced VCAM-1 in nonatherosclerotic coronary arteries and reduced leukocyte and platelet accumulation in atherosclerotic coronary arteries. These findings identify PAR4 as an attractive target in reducing coronary artery disease development, and the use of RAG8 may potentially be beneficial in cardiovascular disease.

Indexed as

AtherosclerosisCoronary Artery DiseaseAnimalsCholatesCholesterolFibrosisMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutReceptors, LDLReceptors, Proteinase-ActivatedVascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1CholatesCholesterolprotease-activated receptor 4, mouseReceptors, LDLReceptors, Proteinase-ActivatedVascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1atherosclerosisblood plateletscoronary artery diseaselipidsmicereceptors, proteinase-activated

Identifiers

PMID37675637
PMCPMC10597419
OpenAlexW4386501999

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.