ArticleBMC endocrine disorders2023
The prevalence, hospitalization outcomes and risk factors of euthyroid sick syndrome in patients with diabetic ketosis/ketoacidosis.
Article in BMC endocrine disorders, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Euthyroid Sick Syndrome as a Predictor of Hospital Stay in Pediatric Diabetic Ketoacidosis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Prevalence and Recovery of Euthyroid Sick Syndrome in Pediatric Diabetic Ketoacidosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Non-thyroidal illness (euthyroid sick) syndrome: Laboratory aspects and clinical significance in critically ill patients and other diseases - A narrative review.Journal of critical care medicine (Universitatea de Medicina si Farmacie din Targu-Mures) · 2026Review
- Euthyroid Sick Syndrome as an Index of Prognosis in Severe COVID-19 Disease.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTo investigate the prevalence of euthyroid sick syndrome (ESS) and to evaluate the outcomes and risk factors associated with ESS among hospitalized patients with diabetic ketosis (DK) or diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
methodsLaboratory and clinical data of 396 adult hospitalized DK/DKA patients with or without ESS were collected and analyzed. Spearman linear analysis and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate correlated factors of thyroid hormones and risk factors of ESS.
resultsMost of the individuals were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (359/396, 90.7%). The prevalence of ESS was 57.8% (229/396). Patients in ESS group were older and had a longer course of diabetes. Levels of thyroid hormones, serum lipids, and parameters reflecting acidosis were significantly decreased in ESS group. The proportion of patients with infection, acute renal injury and DKA was significantly higher in ESS group than in control group, accompanied by longer hospitalization stay and higher hospitalization costs. Free triiodothyronine positively correlates with albumin, eGFR, parameters reflecting acidosis and lipid profiles (All P < 0.001), and negatively correlates with age, onset age, 24-h urine albumin, hsCRP and WBC count (All P < 0.001). Hypoalbuminemia, low level of carbon dioxide combining power, high level of HbA1c and WBC, and co-infection are shown to be risk factors for ESS (OR = 0.866, 0.933, 1.112, 1.146, 1.929, respectively; All P < 0.05).
conclusionsThe prevalence of ESS was high in adult DK/DKA patients. Patients with ESS had inferior clinical and socioeconomic outcomes. Early recognition and management of patients with ESS may be necessary to improve outcome.
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