ReviewNature reviews. Cardiology2024
Immunomodulation and immunopharmacology in heart failure.
Review in Nature reviews. Cardiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of anti-inflammatory therapy in acute heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Heart failure reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Association between haemoglobin, albumin, lymphocytes, and platelets and mortality in patients with heart failure.ESC heart failure · 2024Pooled it
- Myocarditis as the first sign of SLE: a case report and review of the literature.Rheumatology international · 2026Review
- Bacteroides vulgatus alleviates heart failure via butyric acid-TGF-β1/MAPK pathway.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Article
- Immune cell signature in non-ischemic heart failure indicates chronic systemic immune activation with features of immunosenescence.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2026Article
- Prevalence and Associations of Systemic Inflammation in Heart Failure Across the Spectrum of Ejection Fraction.JACC. Heart failure · 2026Article
- Adrenergic receptors on immune cells in cardiovascular disease: signaling plasticity, biased agonism, and therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Review
- Association of inflammatory bowel disease with cardiovascular disease, and the mediating role of inflammation: a matched-cohort study.Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Article
- Integrated analysis of cell-in-cell related genes and immune microenvironment in heart failure.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Article
- Inflammation and genetics in myo-pericardial diseases: Insights from the Italian Study Group on Cardiomyopathies and Pericardial Diseases.ESC heart failure · 2025Review
- Insights Into Heart-Tumor Interactions in Heart Failure.Circulation research · 2025Review
- Systemic aging fuels heart failure: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic avenues.ESC heart failure · 2025Review
- Metrnl and Cardiomyopathies: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Insights.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Quercetin reverses βFrontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Immunogenic cell death-related biomarkers in heart failure probed by transcriptome and single-cell sequencing.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- IL-17 is associated with disease severity and targetable inflammatory processes in heart failure.ESC heart failure · 2024Article
- Current understanding and management of cardiovascular involvement in rheumatic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2024Review
- Untangling the role of RhoA in the heart: protective effect and mechanism.Cell death & disease · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The immune system is intimately involved in the pathophysiology of heart failure. However, it is currently underused as a therapeutic target in the clinical setting. Moreover, the development of novel immunomodulatory therapies and their investigation for the treatment of patients with heart failure are hampered by the fact that currently used, evidence-based treatments for heart failure exert multiple immunomodulatory effects. In this Review, we discuss current knowledge on how evidence-based treatments for heart failure affect the immune system in addition to their primary mechanism of action, both to inform practising physicians about these pleiotropic actions and to create a framework for the development and application of future immunomodulatory therapies. We also delineate which subpopulations of patients with heart failure might benefit from immunomodulatory treatments. Furthermore, we summarize completed and ongoing clinical trials that assess immunomodulatory treatments in heart failure and present several therapeutic targets that could be investigated in the future. Lastly, we provide future directions to leverage the immunomodulatory potential of existing treatments and to foster the investigation of novel immunomodulatory therapeutics.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.