Observational studyEuropean archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery2023
Evaluating long-term smell or taste dysfunction in mildly symptomatic COVID-19 patients: a 3-year follow-up study.
Observational study in European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analysis of Salivary Epithelial Cells Reveals Large-Scale Dysregulation in Bitter Taste Dysfunction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Long COVID Symptoms: A Breath of Fresh Air.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Challenges to continuity of care among patients with long COVID-related taste and smell disorders: a qualitative study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Validity and reliability of the Hebrew version of the Brief Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders (Brief-QOD) and the Self-Reported Mini Olfactory Questionnaire (Self-MOQ).Journal of patient-reported outcomes · 2025Article
- Taste dysfunction in Long COVID.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Improved Nasal Airflow Is Associated With Olfactory Recovery in a Large Population of Patients With COVID-19-Related Olfactory Dysfunction.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2025Article
- Insight into NeuroCOVID: neurofilament light chain (NfL) as a biomarker in post-COVID-19 patients with olfactory dysfunctions.Journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Post COVID-19 and Long COVID Symptoms in Otorhinolaryngology-A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Long-term self-reported symptoms and psychophysical tests in COVID-19 subjects experiencing persistent olfactory dysfunction: a 4-year follow-up study.Frontiers in neural circuits · 2025Article
- Personalized medicine in olfactory testing: perspectives to improve patient compliance to psychophysical tests.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2024Article
- Type 2 and Non-type 2 Inflammation in the Upper Airways: Cellular and Molecular Alterations in Olfactory Neuroepithelium Cell Populations.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2024Review
- Peripheral and brainstem auditory evaluation in post-COVID-19 individuals.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2024Article
- The knowns and unknowns of long COVID-19: from mechanisms to therapeutical approaches.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Validity and Reliability of the French Olfactory Disorders Questionnaire-10.Journal of otolaryngology - head & neck surgery = Le Journal d'oto-rhino-laryngologie et de chirurgie cervico-facialeArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionNo studies have reported data on 3-year prevalence and recovery rates of self-reported COVID-19-related olfactory and gustatory dysfunction. The aim of the present study was to estimate the 3-year prevalence and recovery rate of self-reported COVID-19-related chemosensory dysfunction in a cohort of patients with antecedent mild COVID-19.
methodsThis is a prospective observational study, measuring the prevalence of altered sense of smell or taste at follow-up and their variation from baseline, on adult patients consecutively assessed at Treviso and Trieste University Hospitals, who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA by polymerase chain reaction during March 2020.
resultsOverall, out of 403 respondents, 267 patients (66.3%) reported an altered sense of smell or taste (SNOT-22 > 0) at baseline, while 56 (13.9%), 29 (7.2%), and 21 (5.2%) reported such alterations at 6-24 months, 2 years, and 3 years, respectively. Among the 267 patients with COVID-19-associated smell or taste dysfunction at baseline, 246 (92.1%) reported complete resolution at 3 years. Of the patients who still experienced smell or taste dysfunction 2 years after COVID-19, 27.6% and 37.9% recovered completely and partially, respectively, at the 3-year follow-up.
conclusionAmong subjects with antecedent mildly symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, the 3-year prevalence and recovery rate of COVID-19-related alteration in sense of smell or taste was 5% and 92%, respectively. In approximately two-thirds of patients experiencing chemosensory dysfunction still 2 years after COVID-19, it is still possible to observe a delayed complete or partial recovery after a period of 3 years, while the remaining one-third of individuals continues to have unchanged persistent chemosensory alteration.
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