SynthesisBMC endocrine disorders2023
Comparing the effectiveness of metformin with lifestyle modification for the primary prevention of type II diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMC endocrine disorders, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Comparing the effectiveness of metformin with lifestyle modification for the primary prevention of type II diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC endocrine disorders · 2023 · on this mapPooled it
- Family-Based Interventions to Promote Weight Management in Adults: Results From a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial in India.Annals of family medicine · 2025Trial
- Metformin-Enhanced Digital Therapeutics for the Affordable Primary Prevention of Diabetes and Cardiovascular Diseases: Advancing Low-Cost Solutions for Lifestyle-Related Chronic Disorders.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Lifestyle Modification Programs and Interventions on Prediabetes in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Scoping Review.Journal of prevention (2022) · 2025Article
- Metformin's Overall Effectiveness and Combined Action with Lifestyle Interventions in Preventing Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus in High-Risk Metformin-Naïve Patients: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Published RCTs.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Management of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease Risk in People With Type 2 Diabetes: Collaborative Care Plans for Primary Care Physicians Using Effective Communication Styles.Clinical diabetes : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundConcerning ascending trend in the prevalence of chronic type II diabetes, prevention and the development of an effective approach after the recognition of at-risk individuals is crucial. This study aims to investigate comparing the influence of lifestyle modification and metformin interventions in the prevention of type II diabetes developments.
methodThe search was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus and Web of Science databases. The inclusion criteria include randomized controlled trials (RCT) which studied both lifestyle modification and metformin interventions in the population above 18 years old without a history of any type of diabetes. After excluding studies with intervention time of fewer than 6 months, a systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to evaluate relative risk (RR) with a confidence interval (CI) of 95% of type II diabetes development.
resultsData from 5 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The population also consists of individuals with a mean age of 50 years old with BMI and FBS of 35.5 and 104.7 mg/dl respectively. Participants range of prevention years was between 2-3 years with a mean of 2.8 years. Lifestyle modification decreases the probability of the incidence of type II diabetes by 25.3% (RR: 0.747, 95% CI, 0.6-0.92) compared to the metformin intervention (p-value = 0.007). Our results indicate that long-term lifestyle modifications can prevent diabetes type II and decrease diabetes mellitus incidence down to one-quarter in comparison to metformin.
conclusionLifestyle modification can be more efficacious than metformin in diminishing the incidence of type II diabetes. Therefore, lifestyle modification can be a therapeutic strategy for controlling type II diabetes incidence, especially in high-risk individuals.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.