ArticleViruses2023
CSF Inflammation Markers Associated with Asymptomatic Viral Escape in Cerebrospinal Fluid of HIV-Positive Individuals on Antiretroviral Therapy.
Article in Viruses, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIV expression persists in the cerebrospinal fluid of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders despite effective ART.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- Persistent low-level viremia and symptomatic HIV cerebrospinal fluid escape in a person living with HIV receiving darunavir: a case report.The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases · 2026Article
- Article
- Neuroaxonal Injury in Acute HIV Infection and Following Immediate Antiretroviral Therapy.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Neuroinflammatory crosstalk between microglia and astrocytes increases viral replication in an iPSC-derived model of CNS HIV infection.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- HIV Infection, Neurotoxicity, Inflammation, Premature Aging, and Therapeutic Challenges to PLWH: An Overview.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Elevated sCD14 in cerebrospinal fluid: a surrogate marker for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders in Brazil.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Article
- Multifaceted Role of Nef in HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder: Histopathological Alterations and Underlying Mechanisms.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- Neuroinflammatory crosstalk between microglia and astrocytes increases viral replication in an iPSC-derived model of CNS HIV infection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Asymptomatic Cerebrospinal Fluid HIV-1 Escape: Incidence and Consequences.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- HIV Cerebrospinal Fluid Escape: Interventions for the Management, Current Evidence and Future Perspectives.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Review
- Nef mediates neuroimmune response, myelin impairment, and neuronal injury in EcoHIV-infected mice.Life science alliance · 2025Article
- Plasma Biomarkers and Cognitive Decline in HIV: Findings from Two U.S. Cohorts.TouchREVIEWS in infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Neurosymptomatic HIV-1 CSF escape is associated with replication in CNS T cells and inflammation.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2024Article
- Sex-Biased Associations of Circulating Ferroptosis Inhibitors with Reduced Lipid Peroxidation and Better Neurocognitive Performance in People with HIV.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Central Nervous System Effects of Early HIV Infection and Consequences of Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation during Acute HIV.Viruses · 2024Review
- Effects of Antiretroviral Treatment on Central and Peripheral Immune Response in Mice with EcoHIV Infection.Cells · 2024Article
- A pilot investigation of the association between HIV-1 Vpr amino acid sequence diversity and the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway as a potential mechanism for neurocognitive impairment.Virology journal · 2024Article
- Article
- IL-10 predicts incident neuroinflammatory disease and proviral load dynamics in a large Brazilian cohort of people living with human T-lymphotropic virus type 1.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
HIV establishes a viral reservoir in the CNS despite viral suppression in the blood on antiretroviral therapy (ART). In a minority of people with HIV (PWH), HIV RNA is detectable in CSF when HIV RNA in plasma is undetectable or HIV RNA levels are higher in CSF compared with plasma, an event termed CSF viral escape that can occur with or without neurological symptoms. Asymptomatic CSF viral escape occurs in 3-20% of PWH on ART, yet associated biomarkers are unclear. To identify biomarkers associated with asymptomatic CSF viral escape, we performed a matched group study of PWH on ART with vs. without CSF viral escape (n = 10 and n = 60, respectively, matched for age, duration of HIV infection, nadir CD4 count, and ART regimen) and 50 HIV-negative controls. PWH were on 3 or more ART drugs for >1 year, and the group with no CSF viral escape was suppressed below 50 copies/mL in plasma and CSF. Biomarkers of inflammation (IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-15, IP-10, MCP-1, VEGF), cell adhesion (ICAM-1, VCAM-1), CNS injury (NFL), and glial activation (GFAP, YKL-40) were measured in paired plasma and CSF using the Meso Scale Discovery platform. PWH with vs. without CSF viral escape had more individuals (40%) with a plasma viral load (VL) > 50 copies/mL, higher CSF VL (median 156 vs. 40 copies/mL;
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.