ReviewExperimental & molecular medicine2023
A stepwise activation model for the insulin receptor.
Review in Experimental & molecular medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed.
- An illustrative summary of receptor-mediated mechanisms involved in the therapeutic regulation of type 2 diabetes.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2026Review
- Metabolically and epigenetically reprogrammed splenic TRNP1Nature genetics · 2026Article
- Congenital vs adult-onset estrogen deficiency in female mice: physiological effects and implications for therapy.The Journal of endocrinology · 2026Article
- Postbiotic Metabolites of Proanthocyanidins Reduce Adipogenesis In Vitro by Suppressing De Novo Lipogenesis.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- To contact or not: an investigation into the polymeric surface interactions with human insulin and their therapeutic implications.RSC advances · 2026Article
- Insulin Resistance and Inflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Berberine: A Rising Star in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes-Novel Insights into Its Anti-Inflammatory, Metabolic, and Epigenetic Mechanisms.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Sulfated Polysaccharides From Gracilaria gracilis (Red Seaweed) Restores Testicular Glucose Metabolism by Improving FSH and Insulin Signaling in Rats With Type 2 Diabetes.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2025Article
- Procyanidin A2, a polyphenol autophagy-enhancer, ameliorates hyperglycemia through multifaceted insulin-related mechanisms.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Local Insulin for Local Needs? Insights into Retinal Insulin Signaling and RPE Metabolism.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Jaw-specific differential kinase activity profiles in human periodontal ligament stem cells under mechanical compression.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Article
- Correlation between insulin receptor expression and tumor cell proliferation, recurrence and metastasis in well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms.Endocrine connections · 2025Article
- Deep mutational scanning of the human insulin receptor ectodomain to inform precision therapy for insulin resistance.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Nidulin stimulates glucose uptake in myotubes through the IRS-AKT pathway and alters redox balance and intracellular calcium.Natural products and bioprospecting · 2025Article
- Novel Function for Endothelial Protease-Activated Receptors in Modulating Insulin Receptor Activity With Implications for Diabetes.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2025Article
- Structural mechanism of insulin receptor activation by a dimeric aptamer agonist.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2025Article
- Insulin receptor responsiveness governs TGFβ-induced hepatic stellate cell activation: Insulin resistance instigates liver fibrosis.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025Article
- Blockade of the vaspin-AP-1 axis inhibits arthritis development.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2025Article
- Mitochondria Metabolism Regulates Glucose-Lipid Homeostasis in Neurodegenerative Diseases.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Review
- Integrative Genetic Analysis of DPP4-Related Variants Reveals Risk Patterns for Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiometabolic Comorbidities.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The binding of insulin to the insulin receptor (IR) triggers a cascade of receptor conformational changes and autophosphorylation, leading to the activation of metabolic and mitogenic pathways. Recent advances in the structural and functional analyses of IR have revealed the conformations of the extracellular domains of the IR in inactive and fully activated states. However, the early activation mechanisms of this receptor remain poorly understood. The structures of partially activated IR in complex with aptamers provide clues for understanding the initial activation mechanism. In this review, we discuss the structural and functional features of IR complexed with various ligands and propose a model to explain the sequential activation mechanism. Moreover, we discuss the structures of IR complexed with biased agonists that selectively activate metabolic pathways and provide insights into the design of selective agonists and their clinical implications.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.