ArticleCancer cell international2023
HK3 stimulates immune cell infiltration to promote glioma deterioration.
Article in Cancer cell international, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- MS4A4A promotes macrophages M2 polarization via NF-κB /JAK-STAT6 axis, resulting GBM malignant progression.Oncogene · 2026Article
- Effects of FGF4/HIF-1α axis-mediated neuronal glycolysis on neuropathic pain.The journal of headache and pain · 2026Article
- Metabolic reprogramming and immunosenescence: a new sight for glioma therapy.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Molecular mechanisms and clinical significance of the glioma metabolic-immune axis: a comprehensive review.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Identification of NK cell marker genes based on single-cell sequencing to establish a prognostic signature in breast cancer.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Reliable hexokinase 3 protein detection in human cell lines and primary tissue.European journal of histochemistry : EJH · 2025Article
- Heterogeneity of Neutrophils and Immunological Function in Neonatal Sepsis: Analysis of Molecular Subtypes Based on Hypoxia-Glycolysis-Lactylation.Mediators of inflammation · 2025Article
- Effect of neutrophils on tumor immunity and immunotherapy resistance with underlying mechanisms.Cancer communications (London, England) · 2025Review
- Metabolic Reprogramming in Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Review of Pathways and Therapeutic Targets.Cells · 2024Review
- Dual roles of HK3 in regulating the network between tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages in neuroblastoma.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024Article
- Using Multi-Omics Analysis to Explore Diagnostic Tool and Optimize Drug Therapy Selection for Patients with Glioma Based on Cross-Talk Gene Signature.Oncology research · 2024Article
- Targeting immune microenvironment-mediated mesenchymal transition in glioblastoma: Molecular mechanisms and translational strategies.Neuro-oncology advancesReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGlioma is the most common and lethal type of brain tumor, and it is characterized by unfavorable prognosis and high recurrence rates. The reprogramming of energy metabolism and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) are two hallmarks of tumors. Complex and dynamic interactions between neoplastic cells and the surrounding microenvironment can generate an immunosuppressive TME, which can accelerate the malignant progression of glioma. Therefore, it is crucial to explore associations between energy metabolism and the immunosuppressive TME and to identify new biomarkers for glioma prognosis.
methodsIn our work, we analyzed the co-expression relationship between glycolytic genes and immune checkpoints based on the transcriptomic data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) and found the correlation between HK3 expression and glioma tumor immune status. To investigate the biological role of HK3 in glioma, we performed bioinformatics analysis and established a mouse glioblastoma (GBM) xenograft model.
resultsOur study showed that HK3 significantly stimulated immune cell infiltration into the glioma TME. Tissue samples with higher HK3 expressive level showed increasing levels of immune cells infiltration, including M2 macrophages, neutrophils, and various subtypes of activated memory CD4
conclusionThe present work mainly concentrated on the biological role of HK3 in glioma and offered a novel insight of HK3 regulating the activation of immune cells in the glioma microenvironment. These findings could provide a new theoretical evidence for understanding the metabolic molecular within the glioma microenvironment and identifying new therapeutic targets.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.