Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37789266›Full record

Observational studyBMC infectious diseases2023

Circulating calprotectin levels four months after severe and non-severe COVID-19.

N Abu Hussein, C Machahua, S C Ruchti, M P Horn, L Piquilloud, M Prella, T K Geiser, C von Garnier, M Funke-Chambour

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract readMulticenter StudyObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in BMC infectious diseases, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04581135 (Prospective Observational Cohort Study to Investigate Long-term Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary Effects of COVID-19), which is not on this map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 37% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04581135 completednot on this map

Prospective Observational Cohort Study to Investigate Long-term Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary Effects of COVID-19

Typeobservational_patient_registrySponsorInsel Gruppe AG, University Hospital BernRan2020 to 2022Enrolled620ConditionsCOVID-19ArmsCOVID-19
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Observational
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

N Abu Hussein *Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
C Machahua *Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
S C RuchtiDepartment of Pulmonary Medicine, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
M P HornDepartment of Clinical Chemistry, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
L PiquilloudDivision of Pulmonary Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
M PrellaDepartment of Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
T K GeiserDepartment of Pulmonary Medicine, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
C von Garnier *Department of Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
M Funke-Chambour *Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. manuela.funke-chambour@insel.ch.
University of Bern · CHUniversity of Lausanne · CH

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCalprotectin is an inflammatory marker mainly released by activated neutrophils that is increased in acute severe COVID-19. After initial recovery, some patients have persistent respiratory impairment with reduced diffusion capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) months after infection. Underlying causes of this persistent impairment are unclear. We aimed to investigate the correlation between circulating calprotectin, persistent lung functional impairment and intensive care unit (ICU) stay after COVID-19 in two university hospital centres in Switzerland.

methodsCalprotectin levels were measured in serum from 124 patients (50% male) from the Bern cohort (post-ICU and non-ICU patients) and 68 (76% male) from the Lausanne cohort (only post-ICU patients) four months after COVID-19. Calprotectin was correlated with clinical parameters. Multivariate linear regression (MLR) was performed to evaluate the independent association of calprotectin in different models.

resultsOverall, we found that post-ICU patients, compared to non-ICU, were significantly older (age 59.4 ± 13.6 (Bern), 60.5 ± 12.0 (Lausanne) vs. 48.8 ± 13.4 years) and more obese (BMI 28.6 ± 4.5 and 29.1 ± 5.3 vs. 25.2 ± 6.0 kg/m2, respectively). 48% of patients from Lausanne and 44% of the post-ICU Bern cohort had arterial hypertension as a pre-existing comorbidity vs. only 10% in non-ICU patients. Four months after COVID-19 infection, DLCO was lower in post-ICU patients (75.96 ± 19.05% predicted Bern, 71.11 ± 18.50% Lausanne) compared to non-ICU (97.79 ± 21.70% predicted, p < 0.01). The post-ICU cohort in Lausanne had similar calprotectin levels when compared to the cohort in Bern (Bern 2.74 ± 1.15 µg/ml, Lausanne 2.49 ± 1.13 µg/ml vs. non-ICU 1.86 ± 1.02 µg/ml; p-value < 0.01). Calprotectin correlated negatively with DLCO (r= -0.290, p < 0.001) and the forced vital capacity (FVC) (r= -0.311, p < 0.001).

conclusionsSerum calprotectin is elevated in post-ICU patients in two independent cohorts and higher compared to non-ICU patients four months after COVID-19. In addition, there is a negative correlation between calprotectin levels and DLCO or FVC. The relationship between inflammation and lung functional impairment needs further investigations.

trial registrationNCT04581135.

Indexed as

COVID-19HypertensionAgedCritical CareFemaleHospitals, UniversityHumansLeukocyte L1 Antigen ComplexLungMaleMiddle AgedLeukocyte L1 Antigen ComplexARDS sequelaeCalprotectinLong COVIDPost COVID sequelaePost-infectious inflammation

Identifiers

PMID37789266
PMCPMC10546778
OpenAlexW4387310160

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.