Trial reportJournal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation2023
Feasibility and outcomes of supplemental gait training by robotic and conventional means in acute stroke rehabilitation.
Trial report in Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Post-stroke lower limb rehabilitation: a comparative study between exoskeleton robots and traditional gait training.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2026Pooled it
- Electromechanical-assisted training for walking after stroke.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of effectiveness of robotic therapy in the recovery of motor functions after stroke.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy of robot-assisted gait training on lower extremity function in subacute stroke patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2024Pooled it
- Effect of robotic exoskeleton training on lower limb function, activity and participation in stroke patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Pooled it
- Trial
- Effects of different intensity training with a lower limb exoskeleton robot on walking function in people with subacute stroke: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2026Trial
- Wearable Technologies for Gait Instability Rehabilitation: Mechanisms, Clinical Evidence, and Future Directions.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Lower limb active exoskeletons, exosuits, assistive devices and specifications: a scoping review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Bridging Research and Practice: A Preliminary Detailed Analysis of Current Upper Limb Occupational Therapy Dose and Content in Publicly Funded Poststroke Rehabilitation.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translation · 2025Article
- Therapeutic effects of powered exoskeletal robot-assisted gait training in inpatients in the early stage after stroke: a pilot case-controlled study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2024Article
- Assessing the Efficacy of Lokomat Training in Pediatric Physiotherapy for Cerebral Palsy: A Progress Evaluation.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Robot-assisted gait training in stroke.Turkish journal of physical medicine and rehabilitation · 2024Review
- A Comprehensive Review: Robot-Assisted Treatments for Gait Rehabilitation in Stroke Patients.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Review
- Robot- and Technology-Boosting Neuroplasticity-Dependent Motor-Cognitive Functional Recovery: Looking towards the Future of Neurorehabilitation.Brain sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionPracticality of implementation and dosing of supplemental gait training in an acute stroke inpatient rehabilitation setting are not well studied but can have positive impact on outcomes.
objectivesTo determine the feasibility of early, intense supplemental gait training in inpatient stroke rehabilitation, compare functional outcomes and the specific mode of delivery. DESIGN AND
settingAssessor blinded, randomized controlled trial in a tertiary Inpatient Rehabilitation Facility.
participantsThirty acute post-stroke patients with unilateral hemiparesis (≥ 18 years of age with a lower limb MAS ≤ 3).
interventionLokomat® or conventional gait training (CGT) in addition to standard mandated therapy time.
main outcome measuresNumber of therapy sessions; adverse events; functional independence measure (FIM motor); functional ambulation category (FAC); passive range of motion (PROM); modified Ashworth scale (MAS); 5 times sit-to-stand (5x-STS); 10-m walk test (10MWT); 2-min walk test (2MWT) were assessed before (pre) and after training (post).
resultsThe desired supplemental therapy was implemented during normal care delivery hours and the patients generally tolerated the sessions well. Both groups improved markedly on several measures; the CGT group obtained nearly 45% more supplemental sessions (12.8) than the Lokomat® group (8.9). Both groups showed greater FIM improvement scores (discharge - admission) than those from a reference group receiving no supplemental therapy. An overarching statistical comparison between methods was skewed towards a differential benefit (but not significant) in the Lokomat® group with medium effect sizes. By observation, the robotic group completed a greater number of steps, on average. These results provide some evidence for Lokomat® being a more efficient tool for gait retraining by providing a more optimal therapy "dose".
conclusionsWith careful planning, supplemental therapy was possible with minimal intrusion to schedules and was well tolerated. Participants showed meaningful functional improvement with relatively little supplemental therapy over a relatively short time in study.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.