ReviewCellular and molecular neurobiology2023
Retinal Changes in Parkinson's Disease: A Non-invasive Biomarker for Early Diagnosis.
Review in Cellular and molecular neurobiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Retinal microvascular alterations in Parkinson's disease: visual analysis and meta-analysis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Pooled it
- Retinal Vascularity Index in Parkinson's Disease.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- Human biomarker navigator.iMeta · 2026Review
- Neuroprotective Potential of Nardostachys jatamansi Extract via Keap1-Nrf2 Pathway Regulation in Parkinson's Disease.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2026Article
- From retina to brain: retinal dysfunction and dopaminergic neurodegeneration inFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Article
- Retinal Neurovascular Coupling: From Mechanisms to a Diagnostic Window into Brain Disorders.Cells · 2025Review
- Review
- Pupillographic evaluation accompanying structural and functional assessment of the optic nerve in patients with Parkinson's disease.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Enhancing the diagnostic potential of electroretinography in Parkinson's disease: A review of protocol and cohort criteria.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2025Review
- Optical coherence tomography retinal imaging: narrative review of technological advancements and clinical applications.Annals of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Mendelian randomization reveals association between retinal thickness and non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is caused due to degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) which leads to the depletion of dopamine in the body. The lack of dopamine is mainly due to aggregation of misfolded α-synuclein which causes motor impairment in PD. Dopamine is also required for normal retinal function and the light-dark vision cycle. Misfolded α-synuclein present in inner retinal layers causes vision-associated problems in PD patients. Hence, individuals with PD also experience structural and functional changes in the retina. Mutation in LRRK2, PARK2, PARK7, PINK1, or SNCA genes and mitochondria dysfunction also play a role in the pathophysiology of PD. In this review, we discussed the different etiologies which lead to PD and future prospects of employing non-invasive techniques and retinal changes to diagnose the onset of PD earlier.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.