ReviewAlzheimer's research & therapy2023
Biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease: role in early and differential diagnosis and recognition of atypical variants.
Review in Alzheimer's research & therapy, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 159 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
159 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Motor performance and its association with Alzheimer's-related biomarkers: a systematic review.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Pooled it
- Neurodegenerative Biomarkers in Populations with Intellectual Disabilities: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Capacities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Visual field defects in dementia: A scoping review.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2025Pooled it
- The association between dual sensory impairment and dementia: a meta-analysis and systematic review of the literature.Age and ageing · 2025Pooled it
- Machine Learning Driven by Magnetic Resonance Imaging for the Classification of Alzheimer Disease Progression: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.JMIR aging · 2024Pooled it
- The triglyceride-glucose index and risk of cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis with inclusion of two national databases.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Pooled it
- The application of artificial intelligence in diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: a bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Pooled it
- The TREM2 agonistic antibody AL002 in early Alzheimer's disease: a phase 2 randomized trial.Nature medicine · 2026Trial
- The AHEPA EEG benchmark: setting the standard for machine learning in dementia diagnosis, a scoping review.Cognitive neurodynamics · 2026Article
- Alzheimer's Disease Accelerates Cerebral Atrophy by Over a Decade Compared to Healthy Aging.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Prospect in Alzheimer's disease integrative therapy targeting both amyloid-beta and tau.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Atypical Alzheimer disease: a multi-axis framework toward defining heterogeneity.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2026Review
- Advanced Eye Movement Features Measured by Quantitative Oculography as Candidate Biomarkers for Progressive Supranuclear Palsy.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Comparison of Brain Age With Standard MRI Assessment for Dementia Risk Stratification in Subjective and Mild Cognitive Impairment.Neurology · 2026Article
- Electrodermal Activity as a Potential Diagnostic Biomarker for Alzheimer's Disease: A Pilot Study.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Multifactorial Exercise and Inflammatory Responses in Dementia: Findings from a Randomized Controlled Trial Secondary Analysis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Pharmacological Effects and Molecular Mechanisms of Lignans in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Identifying cognitive impairment in older adults using machine learning on combined fNIRS and motion data during an upper extremity dual task function.Research square · 2026Article
- Peripheral and Central miRNA Signatures in Alzheimer's Disease: Tissue-Specific Variability, Sex-Associated Differences, and Implications for Blood-Based Biomarkers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The Dementias Platform UK PET/MR harmonisation and test-retest study: assessment of PET repeatability and reproducibility across the national network.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2026Article
99 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDevelopment of in vivo biomarkers has shifted the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) from the later dementia stages of disease towards the earlier stages and has introduced the potential for pre-symptomatic diagnosis. The International Working Group recommends that AD diagnosis is restricted in the clinical setting to people with specific AD phenotypes and supportive biomarker findings. MAIN BODY: In this review, we discuss the phenotypic presentation and use of biomarkers for the early diagnosis of typical and atypical AD and describe how this can support clinical decision making, benefit patient communication, and improve the patient journey. Early diagnosis is essential to optimize the benefits of available and emerging treatments. As atypical presentations of AD often mimic other dementias, differential diagnosis can be challenging and can be facilitated using AD biomarkers. However, AD biomarkers alone are not sufficient to confidently diagnose AD or predict disease progression and should be supplementary to clinical assessment to help inform the diagnosis of AD.
conclusionsUse of AD biomarkers with incorporation of atypical AD phenotypes into diagnostic criteria will allow earlier diagnosis of patients with atypical clinical presentations that otherwise would have been misdiagnosed and treated inappropriately. Early diagnosis is essential to guide informed discussion, appropriate care and support, and individualized treatment. It is hoped that disease-modifying treatments will impact the underlying AD pathology; thus, determining the patient's AD phenotype will be a critical factor in guiding the therapeutic approach and the assessment of the effects of interventions.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.