Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37845775›Full record

SynthesisInfectious diseases of poverty2023

Spatio-temporal disparities of Clonorchis sinensis infection in animal hosts in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Kai Liu, Jing Tan, Lu Xiao, Rui-Tai Pan, Xiao-Yan Yao, Fu-Yan Shi, Shi-Zhu Li, Lan-Hua Li

Open access · goldAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Infectious diseases of poverty, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
4.6field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. The global distribution of Paragonimus species.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2026
    Review
  3. Disentangling the transmission ofOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Frontiers in medicine · 2024
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Kai LiuSchool of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
Jing TanSchool of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
Lu XiaoSchool of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
Rui-Tai PanSchool of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
Xiao-Yan YaoSchool of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
Fu-Yan ShiSchool of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
Shi-Zhu LiNational Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200025, China. lisz@chinacdc.cn.
Lan-Hua LiSchool of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China. orchid8@sina.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3156-5234
Weifang Medical University · CNNational Institute for Parasitic Diseases · CN

Funding

China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment LH2022GG02China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment LH2022GG08Shandong Postgraduate Quality Education Teaching Resources Project SDYAL2022152Shandong Province Education and Teaching Research Project 2021JXY035the National Key Research and Development Program of China 2021YFC2300800the National Key Research and Development Program of China 2021YFC2300803the National Natural Science Foundation of China 32161143036the National Natural Science Foundation of China 81902905the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation ZR2019MH093
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundClonorchis sinensis, one of the most important food-borne zoonotic trematodes, remains prevalent in China. Understanding its infection status in animals is crucial for controlling human clonorchiasis. Here we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to focus on the spatio-temporal disparities of C. sinensis infection in animals in China.

methodsData on C. sinensis prevalence in snails, the second intermediate hosts, or animal reservoirs in China were extracted from electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Chinese Wanfang database, CNKI, VIP, and China Biomedical Literature database. A random-effects meta-analysis model was utilized to estimate the pooled prevalence in each of the above animal hosts. Subgroup analysis and multivariable meta-regression were performed to explore potential sources of heterogeneity across studies and compare the temporal disparity of infection rates between high and low epidemic areas. Scatter plots were used to depict the biogeographical characteristics of regions reporting C. sinensis infection in animals.

resultsThe overall pooled prevalence of C. sinensis was 0.9% (95% CI: 0.6-1.2%) in snails, 14.2% (12.7-15.7%) in the second intermediate host, and 14.3% (11.4-17.6%) in animal reservoirs. Prevalence in low epidemic areas (with human prevalence < 1%) decreased from 0.6% (0.2-1.2%) before 1990 to 0.0% (0.0-3.6%) after 2010 in snails (P = 0.0499), from 20.3% (15.6-25.3%) to 8.8% (5.6-12.6%) in the second intermediate hosts (P = 0.0002), and from 18.3% (12.7-24.7%) to 4.7% (1.0-10.4%) in animal reservoirs. However, no similar decrease in prevalence was observed in high epidemic areas (with human prevalence ≥ 1.0%). C. sinensis infections were predominantly reported in areas with altitudes below 2346 m and annual cumulative precipitation above 345 mm and were mostly concentrated in eastern China.

conclusionsThere are spatio-temporal disparities in the animal infections of C. sinensis in different areas of China. Animal infections are primarily concentrated in regions with low altitude and high precipitation. The results suggest that implementing One Health-based comprehensive measures targeting both humans and animals, especially in high epidemic areas, is essential for successful eradication of C. sinensis in China.

Indexed as

ClonorchiasisClonorchis sinensisAnimalsChinaHumansPrevalenceSnailsAnimal hostBiogeographical characteristicsChinaClonorchis sinensisMeta-analysisPrevalenceSpatio-temporal distribution

Identifiers

PMID37845775
PMCPMC10580589
OpenAlexW4387692452

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.