ArticleExperimental neurology2024
Azithromycin reduces hemoglobin-induced innate neuroimmune activation.
Article in Experimental neurology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Developmental stage-dependent transcriptomic responses to neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Transcriptomic and histological characteristics of innate immune activation in brain parenchyma in a rat model of neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2025Article
- Sex- and Tissue-Specific Effects of Leukemia Inhibitory Factor on Mitochondrial Bioenergetics Following Ischemic Stroke.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Research priorities for non-invasive therapies to improve hydrocephalus outcomes.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2025Review
- Variable bioenergetic sensitivity of neurons and astrocytes to insulin and extracellular glucose.npj metabolic health and disease · 2024Article
- Safety of Indocyanine Green Microdosing for Clinical Imaging of CSF Ventricular Dynamics and Extracranial Outflow.Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of NeuroimagingReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) releases blood products into the lateral ventricles and brain parenchyma. There are currently no medical treatments for IVH and surgery is used to treat a delayed effect of IVH, post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus. However, surgery is not a cure for intrinsic brain injury from IVH, and is performed in a subacute time frame. Like many neurological diseases and injuries, innate immune activation is implicated in the pathogenesis of IVH. Innate immune activation is a pharmaceutically targetable mechanism to reduce brain injury and post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus after IVH. Here, we tested the macrolide antibiotic azithromycin, which has immunomodulatory properties, to reduce innate immune activation in an in vitro model of microglial activation using the blood product hemoglobin (Hgb). We then utilized azithromycin in our in vivo model of IVH, using intraventricular blood injection into the lateral ventricle of post-natal day 5 rat pups. In both models, azithromycin modulated innate immune activation by several outcome measures including mitochondrial bioenergetic analysis, cytokine expression and flow cytometric analysis. This suggests that azithromycin, which is safe for neonates, could hold promise for modulating innate immune activation after IVH.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.