ArticleBMC health services research2023
Group-based trajectory analysis identifies varying diabetes-related cost trajectories among type 2 diabetes patients in Texas: an empirical study using commercial insurance.
Article in BMC health services research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Long-term adherence to glucose-lowering therapy and cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes: a nationwide cohort study.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2026Article
- The Value of Medical Nutrition Therapy and Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support in Diabetes Care and Education: A Call to Action to Increase Referrals and Recognize Insurance Coverage Variation.Current diabetes reports · 2025Review
- The Burden of Comorbid Depression and Type 2 Diabetes: An Empirical Study Using Commercial Insurance Data.Journal of primary care & community healthArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe trend of Type 2 diabetes-related costs over 4 years could be classified into different groups. Patient demographics, clinical factors (e.g., A1C, short- and long-term complications), and rurality could be associated with different trends of cost. Study objectives are to: (1) understand the trajectories of cost in different groups; (2) investigate the relationship between cost and key factors in each cost trajectory group; and (3) assess significant factors associated with different cost trajectories.
methodsCommercial claims data in Texas from 2016 to 2019 were provided by a large commercial insurer and were analyzed using group-based trajectory analysis, longitudinal analysis of cost, and logistic regression analyses of different trends of cost.
resultsFive groups of distinct trends of Type 2 diabetes-related cost were identified. Close to 20% of patients had an increasing cost trend over the 4 years. High A1C values, diabetes complications, and other comorbidities were significantly associated with higher Type 2 diabetes costs and higher chances of increasing trend over time. Rurality was significantly associated with higher chances of increasing trend over time.
conclusionsGroup-based trajectory analysis revealed distinct patient groups with increased cost and stable cost at low, medium, and high levels in the 4-year period. The significant associations found between the trend of cost and A1C, complications, and rurality have important policy and program implications for potentially improving health outcomes and constraining healthcare costs.
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Registered trials
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