ArticleEuropean journal of clinical pharmacology2023
Risk of gastric cancer among long-term proton pump inhibitor users: a population-based cohort study.
Article in European journal of clinical pharmacology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Proton pump inhibitors and the risk of gastric cancer: a systematic review, evidence synthesis and life course epidemiology perspective.BMJ open gastroenterology · 2025Pooled it
- Proton pump inhibitors and gastric or colorectal cancer: a real-world safety analysis in the global pharmacovigilance database.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Article
- Endoscopic Examination and Long-Term Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Treatment in Japan.Drug, healthcare and patient safety · 2026Article
- The Effect of Tegoprazan on Serum Gastrin Levels and the Development of Hypergastrinemia in the Maintenance Treatment for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Comparison to Lansoprazole.Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility · 2025Article
- Environmental factors in gastric carcinogenesis and preventive intervention strategies.Genes and environment : the official journal of the Japanese Environmental Mutagen Society · 2025Review
- Therapeutic regimens againstTherapeutic advances in gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Potential Risks Associated With Long-term Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors and the Maintenance Treatment Modality for Patients With Mild Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease.Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility · 2024Review
- Long-Term Intake of Proton-Pump Inhibitors Could Be Associated with an Increased Incidence of Liver Cancer in Women.Cancers · 2024Article
- Comment on "Risk of gastric cancer among long‑term proton pump inhibitor users: a population‑based cohort study".European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo elucidate whether long-term proton pump inhibitor (PPI) users have an increased gastric cancer (GC) risk.
methodsWe searched the 2009-2019 Korean National Health Insurance Services Database for patients aged > 40 years who claimed for Helicobacter pylori eradication (HPE) during 2009-2014. The GC incidence following a PPI exposure of > 180 cumulative defined daily dose (cDDD) and that following an exposure of < 180 cDDD were compared. The outcome was GC development at least 1 year following HPE. A propensity score (PS)-matched dataset was used for analysis within the same quartiles of the follow-up duration. Additionally, dose-response associations were assessed, and the mortality rates were compared between long-term PPI users and non-users.
resultsAfter PS matching, 144,091 pairs of PPI users and non-users were analyzed. During a median follow-up of 8.3 (interquartile range, 6.8-9.6) years, 1053 and 948 GC cases in PPI users and non-users, respectively, were identified, with the GC incidence (95% confidence interval (CI)) being 0.90 (0.85-0.96) and 0.81 (0.76-0.86) per 1000 person-years, respectively. The adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) for GC with PPI use was 1.15 (95% CI, 1.06-1.25). Among PPI users, patients in the highest tertile for annual PPI dose showed higher GC development than those in the lowest tertile (aHR (95% CI): 3.87 (3.25-4.60)). GC-related mortality did not differ significantly between PPI users and non-users.
conclusionIn this nationwide analysis in Korea, where the GC prevalence is high, long-term PPI use after HPE showed a significant increase in GC, with a positive dose-response relationship.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.