Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37864683›Full record

ArticleInflammopharmacology2023

Attenuation of CFA-induced arthritis through regulation of inflammatory cytokines and antioxidant mechanisms by Solanum nigrum L. leaves extracts.

Bazgha Gul, Rukhsana Anwar, Mohammad Saleem, Mobasher Ahmad, Muhammad Ihsan Ullah, Shahzad Kamran

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In one paragraph

Article in Inflammopharmacology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.2field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Bazgha GulPunjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
Rukhsana AnwarPunjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan. Rukhsana.pharmacy@pu.edu.pk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6356-3674
Mohammad SaleemPunjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
Mobasher AhmadGulab Devi Institute of Pharmacy, Gulab Devi Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.
Muhammad Ihsan UllahPunjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
Shahzad KamranPunjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
University of the Punjab · PKLahore College for Women University · PK

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Solanum nigrum L. is a popular traditional medicine for various inflammatory conditions including rheumatism and joint pain. The current study aimed to evaluate the anti-arthritic mechanism of Solanum nigrum L. Four extracts were prepared using n-hexane, methanol, chloroform, and water. The anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity was carried out with 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg body wt. PO of each extract by the hot plate and carrageenan-induced paw oedema methods, respectively. The anti-arthritic study was performed with chloroform and aqueous extracts (300 mg/kg) in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis. Paw size (mm), ankle joint diameter (mm), and latency time (sec) were recorded on day 0 and every 4th day till 28 days. The hematological, inflammatory, and oxidative biomarkers were estimated. Results showed that significant analgesia (p < 0.05) and reduction in paw inflammation were achieved with all extracts. The highest percent inhibition in Carrageenan-induced inflammation was achieved with 300 mg/kg of chloroform (72.19%) and aqueous (71.30%) extracts, respectively. In the CFA model, both extracts showed a significant reduction in paw size and ankle joint diameter (p < 0.05). The RT-qPCR analysis revealed the upregulation of interleukin-4 and interleukin-10, and down-expression of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, cycloxygenase-2, nuclear factor-κB, prostaglandin E synthase 2, and interferon-γ. A significant increase in superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione levels was observed. Hence, it is concluded that Solanum nigrum L. leaf extracts regulate the expression of inflammatory markers and improve oxidative stress resulting in the attenuation of CFA-induced arthritis.

Indexed as

Arthritis, ExperimentalSolanum nigrumAnimalsAntioxidantsCarrageenanChloroformCytokinesFreund's AdjuvantInflammationPlant ExtractsAntioxidantsCarrageenanChloroformCytokinesFreund's AdjuvantPlant ExtractsNF-κBOxidative stressPro-inflammatory cytokinesRheumatoid arthritisSolanum nigrum L.TNF-α

Identifiers

PMID37864683
OpenAlexW4387846283

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.