ArticleBMC biology2023
Prevalent bee venom genes evolved before the aculeate stinger and eusociality.
Article in BMC biology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Beyond formic acid: Peptides in carpenter ant venoms aid in disease protection.Science advances · 2026Article
- Concentration-Dependent Anticancer Effects of Melittin-Functionalized Nanomaterials.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Exploratory proteomic characterization ofFrontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Comparative venomics suggests an evolutionary adaption of spider venom from predation to defense.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Evolution of Phospholipase A2 in Bees and Flies.Ecology and evolution · 2025Article
- Genome of the green-head ant, Rhytidoponera metallica, reveals mechanisms of toxin evolution in a genetically hyper-diverse eusocial species.Genome biology · 2025Article
- Varroa destructor weakens the external immunity of western honey bees by impairing melittin production.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Fire ant-venom anaphylaxis prevalence in the general population and patients with systemic mastocytosis.Frontiers in allergy · 2025Article
- The genomes sequenced for the neotropical stingless bees Scaptotrigona bipunctata and S. depilis strengthen the phylogenomics support for the taxonomy of social bees.Genetics and molecular biology · 2025Article
- The genome sequence of the Violet Carpenter Bee, Xylocopa violacea (Linnaeus, 1785): a hymenopteran species undergoing range expansion.Heredity · 2024Article
- Diversely evolved xibalbin variants from remipede venom inhibit potassium channels and activate PKA-II and Erk1/2 signaling.BMC biology · 2024Article
- The genome of the ant Tetramorium bicarinatum reveals a tandem organization of venom peptides genes allowing the prediction of their regulatory and evolutionary profiles.BMC genomics · 2024Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 10 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundVenoms, which have evolved numerous times in animals, are ideal models of convergent trait evolution. However, detailed genomic studies of toxin-encoding genes exist for only a few animal groups. The hyper-diverse hymenopteran insects are the most speciose venomous clade, but investigation of the origin of their venom genes has been largely neglected.
resultsUtilizing a combination of genomic and proteo-transcriptomic data, we investigated the origin of 11 toxin genes in 29 published and 3 new hymenopteran genomes and compiled an up-to-date list of prevalent bee venom proteins. Observed patterns indicate that bee venom genes predominantly originate through single gene co-option with gene duplication contributing to subsequent diversification.
conclusionsMost Hymenoptera venom genes are shared by all members of the clade and only melittin and the new venom protein family anthophilin1 appear unique to the bee lineage. Most venom proteins thus predate the mega-radiation of hymenopterans and the evolution of the aculeate stinger.
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