ArticleNature communications2023
Enzymatic synthesis and nanopore sequencing of 12-letter supernumerary DNA.
Article in Nature communications, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- Structural basis of transcription of the hachimoji eight-letter alphabet by E. coli RNA polymerase.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Quantifying replication fidelity of unnatural base pairs using nanopore sequencing.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Single-residue engineering of Klenow fragment enables broad acceptance of chemically modified nucleotides.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- High-resolution melting analysis for rapid and cost-effective detection of unnatural base pairs.Biodesign research · 2026Article
- ZAT-DNA enables DNA data storage with molecular-layer non-replicability.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Photoresponsive DNA steganography for secure information transmission by nanopore.National science review · 2026Article
- Are we there yet with XNA aptamers?RSC advances · 2026Review
- Advances and challenges in non-canonical nucleic acids data storage.Nature communications · 2026Review
- Omega Nucleic Acids (ΩNA), Ultimate Nucleic Acids for Future Technology.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- DNA diamond formulates a decomposable composite letter constellation model for DNA data storage.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Linked data storage using DNA origami nanostructures.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Engineering and Assay of Enzymes for Expanded Genetic Alphabet Replication.Biochemistry · 2025Article
- Structure-informed models for ionic current prediction in nanopore sequencing of expanded dna alphabets.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Sequencing a DNA analog composed of artificial bases.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Direct high-throughput deconvolution of non-canonical bases via nanopore sequencing and bootstrapped learning.Nature communications · 2025Article
- How many plasmids can bacteria carry? A synthetic biology perspective.Open biology · 2025Review
- DNA storage: The future direction for medical cold data storage.Synthetic and systems biotechnology · 2025Review
- Cancer cell target discovery: comparing laboratory evolution of expanded DNA six-nucleotide alphabets with standard four-nucleotide alphabets.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Nucleic acid joining enzymes: biological functions and synthetic applications beyond DNA.The Biochemical journal · 2025Review
- Composite Hedges Nanopores codec system for rapid and portable DNA data readout with high INDEL-Correction.Nature communications · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The 4-letter DNA alphabet (A, T, G, C) as found in Nature is an elegant, yet non-exhaustive solution to the problem of storage, transfer, and evolution of biological information. Here, we report on strategies for both writing and reading DNA with expanded alphabets composed of up to 12 letters (A, T, G, C, B, S, P, Z, X, K, J, V). For writing, we devise an enzymatic strategy for inserting a singular, orthogonal xenonucleic acid (XNA) base pair into standard DNA sequences using 2'-deoxy-xenonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Integrating this strategy with combinatorial oligos generated on a chip, we construct libraries containing single XNA bases for parameterizing kmer basecalling models for commercially available nanopore sequencing. These elementary steps are combined to synthesize and sequence DNA containing 12 letters - the upper limit of what is accessible within the electroneutral, canonical base pairing framework. By introducing low-barrier synthesis and sequencing strategies, this work overcomes previous obstacles paving the way for making expanded alphabets widely accessible.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.