SynthesisBMC nephrology2023
Estimating the association between systemic Interleukin-6 and mortality in the dialysis population. Re-analysis of the global fluid study, systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMC nephrology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Estimating the association between systemic Interleukin-6 and mortality in the dialysis population. Re-analysis of the global fluid study, systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC nephrology · 2023Pooled it
- Trial
- Targeting Inflammation in Chronic Kidney Disease: Pathophysiological Insights and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- The Vicious Cycle of Inflammation: How Obesity, Dialysis Catheters, and NETosis Determine Albumin Levels and Prognosis in Hemodialysis Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Troxerutin is a novel osmotic agent for peritoneal dialysis with protective cardiovascular actions.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2026Article
- Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking-Based Investigation of Empagliflozin's Therapeutic Potential in Chronic Kidney Disease.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Association between lipoprotein combine index and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Comparative effects of hemodialysis modalities on microparticle induction and neutrophil activation in a randomized cross-over study.iScience · 2025Article
- The Role of Peritoneal Interleukin-6 in Predicting Patient Survival on Peritoneal Dialysis.Kidney international reports · 2025Article
- Intersecting Pathways of Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Atherogenesis in the Evaluation of CKD: Emerging Biomarkers PCSK9, EPHX2, AOPPs, and TBARSs.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Integrated bioinformatics and machine learning reveal key genes and immune mechanisms associated with uremia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The future of peritoneal dialysis.Clinical kidney journal · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSystemic inflammation, measured as circulating Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels, is associated with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in chronic kidney disease. However, this has not been convincingly demonstrated in a systematic review or a meta-analysis in the dialysis population. We provide such evidence, including a re-analysis of the GLOBAL Fluid Study.
methodsMortality in the GLOBAL fluid study was re-analysed using Cox proportional hazards regression with IL-6 levels as a covariate using a continuous non-logarithmic scale. Literature searches of the association of IL-6 levels with mortality were conducted on MEDLINE, EMBASE, PyschINFO and CENTRAL. All studies were assessed for risk of bias using the QUIPS tool. To calculate a pooled effect size, studies were grouped by use of IL-6 scale and included in the meta-analysis if IL-6 was analysed as a continuous linear covariate, either per unit or per 10 pg/ml, in both unadjusted or adjusted for other patient characteristics (e.g. age, comorbidity) models. Funnel plot was used to identify potential publication bias.
resultsOf 1886 citations identified from the electronic search, 60 were included in the qualitative analyses, and 12 had sufficient information to proceed to meta-analysis after full paper screening. Random effects meta-analysis of 11 articles yielded a pooled hazard ratio (HR) per pg/ml of 1.03, (95% CI 1.01, 1.03), [Formula: see text]= 81%. When the analysis was confined to seven articles reporting a non-adjusted HR the result was similar: 1.03, per pg/ml (95% CI: 1.03, 1.06), [Formula: see text]=92%. Most of the heterogeneity could be attributed to three of the included studies. Publication bias could not be determined due to the limited number of studies.
conclusionThis systematic review confirms the adverse association between systemic IL-6 levels and survival in people treated with dialysis. The heterogeneity that we observed may reflect differences in study case mix. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO - CRD42020214198.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.