ReviewBiomedicines2023
Therapeutic Approach for Trigeminal Neuralgia: A Systematic Review.
Review in Biomedicines, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- From microvascular decompression to radiosurgery: a network meta-analysis of interventions for medication-refractory trigeminal neuralgia.Neurosurgical review · 2026Pooled it
- Comparison of stereotactic radiosurgery and rhizotomy for trigeminal neuralgia: A systematic review and Meta-Analysis.Neurosurgical review · 2025Pooled it
- Trigeminal neuralgia improvement following Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS): a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Effectiveness of gamma knife radiosurgery in the management of trigeminal neuralgia associated with multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurosurgical review · 2023Pooled it
- Review
- Does Acupuncture Produce Durable Analgesia in Trigeminal Neuralgia? An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Trigeminal neuralgia: from clinical challenges to molecular insights.The journal of headache and pain · 2026Review
- Neurovascular Compression Syndromes of Cranial Nerves: A Multidisciplinary Guide to Management.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Anticonvulsant Therapy in Trigeminal Neuralgia: A Class-Oriented Systematic Review.Medicines (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Ropivacaine mitigates neuropathic pain by inhibiting the activation of the TRAF2/PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Examination of variables linked to the recurrence of primary trigeminal neuralgia following percutaneous transluminal micro balloon compression.Neurosurgical review · 2025Article
- 13. Trigeminal Neuralgia.Pain practice : the official journal of World Institute of Pain · 2025Review
- Nanotechnology in Pain Management.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Article
- Modern Approaches to the Treatment of Acute Facial Pain.Current pain and headache reports · 2024Review
- Awake neurosurgery: Advancements in microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia.Surgical neurology international · 2024Review
- Progress in treatment of pathological neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This umbrella review aimed to determine the various drugs used to treat trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and to evaluate their efficacies as well as side effects by surveying previously published reviews. An online search was conducted using PubMed, CRD, EBSCO, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library with no limits on publication date or patients' gender, age, and ethnicity. Reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials pertaining to drug therapy for TN, and other relevant review articles added from their reference lists, were evaluated. Rapid reviews, reviews published in languages other than English, and reviews of laboratory studies, case reports, and series were excluded. A total of 588 articles were initially collected; 127 full-text articles were evaluated after removing the duplicates and screening the titles and abstracts, and 11 articles were finally included in this study. Except for carbamazepine, most of the drugs had been inadequately studied. Carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine continue to be the first choice for medication for classical TN. Lamotrigine and baclofen can be regarded as second-line drugs to treat patients not responding to first-line medication or for patients having intolerable side effects from carbamazepine. Drug combinations using carbamazepine, baclofen, gabapentin, ropivacaine, tizanidine, and pimozide can yield satisfactory results and improve the tolerance to the treatment. Intravenous lidocaine can be used to treat acute exaggerations and botulinum toxin-A can be used in refractory cases. Proparacaine, dextromethorphan, and tocainide were reported to be inappropriate for treating TN. Anticonvulsants are successful in managing trigeminal neuralgia; nevertheless, there have been few studies with high levels of proof, making it challenging to compare or even combine their results in a statistically useful way. New research on other drugs, combination therapies, and newer formulations, such as vixotrigine, is awaited. There is conclusive evidence for the efficacy of pharmacological drugs in the treatment of TN.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.