SynthesisBMJ open2023
Systematic review and narrative synthesis of the key barriers and facilitators to the delivery and uptake of primary healthcare services to women in Pakistan.
Synthesis in BMJ open, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Maternal mental health and its influence on children's early development: Evidence from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.Infant mental health journal · 2026Article
- Applying a gender and equity matrix for a contextualized antimicrobial stewardship intervention in Pakistan.Health policy and planning · 2026Article
- Acceptability, Adherence, and Provision Through Antenatal Care: Evidence on Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation in Pakistan and Nigeria.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Mapping Geographic Disparities in Healthcare Access Barriers Among Married Women in Pakistan: Evidence from a Nationally Representative Survey.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Barriers and contributions of rural community health workers in enabling cancer early detection and subsequent care in India: a qualitative study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Perspectives on adherence to prescribed home exercises after polytrauma: A qualitative study.The South African journal of physiotherapy · 2025Article
- Un/met: a mixed-methods study on primary healthcare needs of the poorest population in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan.International journal for equity in health · 2024Article
- A study protocol for integrating outpatient services at the primary health care level as part of the universal health coverage benefit package within the national health insurance program of Pakistan through private health facilities.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThe objective of this review is to (1) identify barriers and facilitators with respect to women's health services at a primary care level based on a systematic review and narrative synthesis and (2) to conclude with recommendations for better services and uptake.
designSystematic review and narrative synthesis. DATA SOURCES: PubMed, BMC Medicine, Medline, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library. Grey literature was also searched. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Qualitative, quantitative and mixed studies were included in the review. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: The search took place at the beginning of June 2021 and was completed at the end of August 2021. Studies were included in the review based on the Sample, Phenomenon of Interest, Design, Evaluation, Research type criteria. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Data were synthesised using a narrative synthesis approach.
resultsA total of 33 studies were included in the review. We identified six barriers to the delivery of effective primary healthcare for women's health which have been organised under two core themes of 'service barriers' and 'family/cultural barriers'. Ten barriers to the uptake of primary healthcare for women have been identified, under three core themes of 'perceptions about healthcare service', 'cultural factors' and 'practical issues'. Three facilitators of primary healthcare delivery for women were identified: 'motivating community health workers (CHWs) with continued training, salary, and supervision' and 'selection of CHWs on the basis of certain characteristics'. Five facilitators of the uptake of primary healthcare services for women were identified, under two core themes of 'development of trust and acceptance' and 'use of technology'.
conclusionsChange is needed not only to address the limitations of the primary healthcare services themselves, but also the cultural practices and limited awareness and literacy that prevent the uptake of healthcare services by women, in addition to the wider infrastructure in terms of the provision of financial support, public transport and child care centres. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42020203472.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.