SynthesisJournal of global health2023
Overall proportion of orthorexia nervosa symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis including 30 476 individuals from 18 countries.
Synthesis in Journal of global health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Associations Between Vegetarian and Vegan Diets and Orthorexia Nervosa Symptoms in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.The International journal of eating disorders · 2026Pooled it
- Understanding Orthorexia Nervosa: A Systematic Review of Meta-analytical Findings.Current nutrition reports · 2025Pooled it
- Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric validation of the Turkish Düsseldorf Orthorexia Scale in adolescents.Eating and weight disorders : EWD · 2026Article
- Assessing Orthorexic Tendencies and Dietary Patterns: A Cross-Sectional Study of Orthorexia Nervosa and Dietary Patterns in Lithuania.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric validation of the Spanish version of the Orthorexia Nervosa Inventory (ONI-ES).Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Screening for orthorexia nervosa among nursing students: prevalence and associations between the Chinese version of the Düsseldorf Orthorexia Scale and the Chinese version of the Orthorexia Nervosa Inventory.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Review
- A Comparative Study of Paralympic Veterans with Either a Spinal Cord Injury or an Amputation: Implications for Personalized Nutritional Advice.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025Article
- Orthorexia Nervosa Tendencies in Two Cohorts of Polish Young Adults: A Comparative Analysis of Prevalence, Correlates, and Comorbidity.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Orthorexic Tendencies Are Associated with Autistic Traits in Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- The Mediating Role of Social Camouflaging on the Relationship Between Autistic Traits and Orthorexic Symptoms.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Orthorexia Nervosa: Prevalence Among Spanish University Students and Its Effects on Cardiometabolic Health.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Orthorexia nervosa: an investigation in the context of personality, body image, and physical activity.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Development of a scale for measuring orthosomnia: the Bergen Orthosomnia Scale (BOS).Frontiers in sleep · 2025Article
- Orthorexia nervosa: Why research based on imperfect measures may still be useful.Journal of global health · 2024Article
- Review
- Orthorexia nervosa: Research based on invalid measures is invalid.Journal of global health · 2024Article
- Orthorectic behavior among students and motivation for physical activity, dietary habits, and restrictive eating.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: To date, no previous meta-analysis has determined the overall proportion of orthorexia nervosa symptoms on a global scale. The aim of the present study was 2-fold: first, to establish the overall proportion of orthorexia nervosa symptoms on a global scale, assessed with the ORTO-15 questionnaire; and second, to determine the role of sex, type of population, mean age, body mass index, and the temporal trend in relation to orthorexia nervosa symptoms. Methods: Four databases were searched (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews) with date limits from January 2005 to June 2023. Studies assessing the proportion of orthorexia nervosa assessed using the ORTO-15 questionnaire with a cutoff of <35 or <40 points were included in this review. Results: The overall proportion of orthorexia nervosa symptoms (using the cutoff <35 points) was 27.5% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 23.5-31.6, I Conclusions: We found that approximately three out of 10 study participants showed orthorexia nervosa symptoms according to the ORTO-15 tool. This overall proportion was higher in those participants who were athletes or fitness practitioners. Over the years, the proportion of orthorexia nervosa symptoms seems to be increasing. These high percentages and their increase are worrisome from a public health perspective and highlight the need to develop psychometric instruments to aid in clinical diagnosis and treatment efficacy. Registration: PROSPERO (CRD42022350873).
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.