ArticleNature communications2023
A standardized metric to enhance clinical trial design and outcome interpretation in type 1 diabetes.
Article in Nature communications, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Heterogeneity of outcomes reporting in catheter ablation trials for ventricular tachycardia: a systematic review.Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2026Pooled it
- Trial
- Article
- Beta cell glucose sensitivity identifies clinical response to disease-modifying therapies initiated at stage 3 type 1 diabetes onset.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Toward Personalized Medicine in Type 1 Diabetes: Understanding How Patient Heterogeneity Influences Therapeutic Efficacy.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Review
- Epigenetic biomarkers in inflammatory bowel diseases-computational challenges and opportunities.Journal of Crohn's & colitis · 2026Review
- Glucocorticoids to Manage Cytokine Release Syndrome During Teplizumab Therapy for New-Onset Type 1 Diabetes.Diabetes care · 2026Article
- Artificial intelligence-driven therapeutics for disease modification in type 1 diabetes: a digital public health and clinical translation framework.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
- The Efficacy and Safety of Teplizumab in the Treatment of Stage 3 Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026Review
- Metabolic Phenotype of Stage 1 and Stage 2 Type 1 Diabetes Using Modeling of β Cell Function.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- The Heterogeneity of Type 1 Diabetes: Implications for Pathogenesis, Prevention, and Treatment-2024 Diabetes, Diabetes Care, and Diabetologia Expert Forum.Diabetes care · 2025Review
- Autoimmune Type 1 Diabetes in the Era of Disease-Modifying Immune Therapy.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2025Review
- Review
- The heterogeneity of type 1 diabetes: implications for pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment-2024 Diabetes, Diabetes Care, and Diabetologia Expert Forum.Diabetologia · 2025Review
- Call for Standardization of C-Peptide Measurement.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2025Review
- Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet: Leading the Charge in Disease Prediction, Prevention, and Immunotherapeutic Mechanistic Understanding.Diabetes care · 2025Review
- Article
- Immunotherapy-Based Strategies for Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes.Hormone research in paediatrics · 2025Review
- Article
- Monocytes in type 1 diabetes families exhibit high cytolytic activity and subset abundances that correlate with clinical progression.Science advances · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The use of a standardized outcome metric enhances clinical trial interpretation and cross-trial comparison. If a disease course is predictable, comparing modeled predictions with outcome data affords the precision and confidence needed to accelerate precision medicine. We demonstrate this approach in type 1 diabetes (T1D) trials aiming to preserve endogenous insulin secretion measured by C-peptide. C-peptide is predictable given an individual's age and baseline value; quantitative response (QR) adjusts for these variables and represents the difference between the observed and predicted outcome. Validated across 13 trials, the QR metric reduces each trial's variance and increases statistical power. As smaller studies are especially subject to random sampling variability, using QR as the outcome introduces alternative interpretations of previous clinical trial results. QR can provide model-based estimates that quantify whether individuals or groups did better or worse than expected. QR also provides a purer metric to associate with biomarker measurements. Using data from more than 1300 participants, we demonstrate the value of QR in advancing disease-modifying therapy in T1D. QR applies to any disease where outcome is predictable by pre-specified baseline covariates, rendering it useful for defining responders to therapy, comparing therapeutic efficacy, and understanding causal pathways in disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.