ReviewCureus2023
Association of Pioglitazone With Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events, All-Cause Mortality, and Heart Failure Hospitalizations: A Systematic Review.
Review in Cureus, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lobeglitazone improves glycaemic control as add-on therapy to empagliflozin plus metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026 · on this mapTrial
- Pharmacological Targeting of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptors for Prevention of Radiation-induced Cognitive Decline.Annals of neurosciences · 2026Review
- Hepatogenous diabetes in the era of precision medicine: diagnosis, management, and future directions.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- Overcoming the barriers in the screening, diagnosis, and follow-up of patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH).Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026Review
- Fluid retention versus cardio protection: rethinking pioglitazone.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- The Crosstalk Between Efferocytosis and Macrophage Polarization in Diabetic Wounds: A Comprehensive Review.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Benefits of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists versus pioglitazone for cardio-hepatic outcomes: a territory-wide target trial emulation.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Article
- Nanomedicine targeting PPAR in adipose tissue macrophages improves lipid metabolism and obesity-induced metabolic dysfunction.Science advances · 2025Article
- Effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on thiazolidinedione-induced changes in the volume status of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a 6-month follow-up prospective study.Archives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Lipid Accumulation and Insulin Resistance: Bridging Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- From bench to bedside: the research status and application opportunity of extracellular vesicles and their engineering strategies in the treatment of skin defects.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- Thiazolidinedione Use and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Who Underwent Carotid Artery Revascularization.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in adults.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2025Review
- Heme oxygenase, biliverdin reductase, and bilirubin pathways regulate oxidative stress and insulin resistance: a focus on diabetes and therapeutics.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2025Review
- Immunological dynamics in MASH: from landscape analysis to therapeutic intervention.Journal of gastroenterology · 2024Review
- Article
- Pasireotide-induced hyperglycemia in Cushing's disease and Acromegaly: A clinical perspective and algorithms proposal.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Modern diabetic treatment has gone beyond glycemic control, with the choice of different medications to attain therapeutic targets also affected by the risk of long-term outcomes and safety profiles. The effect of diabetes on increased morbidity and mortality and its relationship to cardiovascular outcomes and coronary artery diseases have driven recent diabetes studies toward medications that improve cardiovascular outcomes and reduce all-cause mortality. This is attained by holistically treating cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetic patients beyond glycemic control. Moreover, both diabetes and pre-diabetes are considered risk factors for both microvascular and macrovascular cardiac events. Despite the fact that initial research acknowledged fluid retention as a safety issue in pioglitazone use, clinical trial data have not presented conclusive proof of a positive or negative impact on cardiac function. This comprehensive literature review aims to evaluate the effect of pioglitazone on all-cause mortality, hospitalizations for heart failure, and major adverse cardiovascular outcomes, including the individual outcomes of non-fatal stroke, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular mortality.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.