ReviewAging and disease2024
Effect of General Anesthetic Agents on Microglia.
Review in Aging and disease, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comprehensive Review of Anesthetic Strategies for Patients With Neurodegenerative Diseases.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026Review
- Perioperative neurocognitive disorders as a neuroimmune landscape disorder: microglial priming, state heterogeneity, and time-dependent neuroinflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Shared neuropathological features of mild traumatic brain injury and anesthesia.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Review
- Efficacy of perioperative repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for postoperative depression in breast cancer patients: study protocol for a single-center randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Bioengineered human brain organoids and organ-on-chip platforms for exposure-aware assessment of developmental neurotoxicity induced by general anesthetics and sedatives.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Mechanisms of natural compounds in treating inhalation anesthesia-induced cognitive dysfunction.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Therapeutic Values of General Anesthetics: From Developmental Neurotoxicity to Neurotherapeutic Agents.Current neuropharmacology · 2026Review
- Effects of spontaneous breathing anesthesia on postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients: a narrative review.Frontiers in surgery · 2026Review
- Inflammation associated microglial expansion disrupts hippocampal glial network communication, driving postoperative neurocognitive impairment.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Mechanisms of Action of Propofol in Modulating Microglial Activation in Ischemic Stroke.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- General anesthetic agents induce neurotoxicity through oligodendrocytes in the developing brain.Zoological research · 2024Review
- Advancing Neurological Health: Insights into Aging, Immunity, and Vascular Dynamics.Aging and disease · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The effects of general anesthetic agents (GAAs) on microglia and their potential neurotoxicity have attracted the attention of neuroscientists. Microglia play important roles in the inflammatory process and in neuromodulation of the central nervous system. Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is a key mechanism of neurocognitive dysfunction during the perioperative period. Microglial activation by GAAs induces anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory effects in microglia, suggesting that GAAs play a dual role in the mechanism of postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Understanding of the mechanisms by which GAAs regulate microglia may help to reduce the incidence of postoperative adverse effects. Here, we review the actions of GAAs on microglia and the consequent changes in microglial function. We summarize clinical and animal studies associating microglia with general anesthesia and describe how GAAs interact with neurons via microglia to further explore the mechanisms of action of GAAs in the nervous system.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.