Evidence mapPaperPMID 37985992Full record

Observational studyCardiovascular diabetology2023

Once-weekly glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists vs dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors: cardiovascular effects in people with diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

Xi Tan, Yuanjie Liang, Jigar R Rajpura, Larisa Yedigarova, Josh Noone, Lin Xie, Silvio Inzucchi, Adam de Havenon

Open access · goldAbstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
3.0field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in People with Type 2 Diabetes: A SUSTAIN-6 Post Hoc Analysis by Weight Loss Category.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Cardiovascular Events in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes and ASCVD Initiating Once-Weekly Semaglutide vs DPP-4is in the USA.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Xi TanNovo Nordisk Inc., Plainsboro, NJ, USA.
Yuanjie LiangNovo Nordisk Inc., Plainsboro, NJ, USA.
Jigar R RajpuraNovo Nordisk Inc., Plainsboro, NJ, USA.
Larisa YedigarovaNovo Nordisk Inc., Plainsboro, NJ, USA.
Josh NooneNovo Nordisk Inc., Plainsboro, NJ, USA.
Lin XieNovo Nordisk Inc., Plainsboro, NJ, USA.
Silvio InzucchiDepartment of Endocrinology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Adam de HavenonDepartment of Neurology, Center for Brain and Mind Health, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, 15 York St, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA. Adam.dehavenon@yale.edu.
Novo Nordisk (United States) · USYale University · US

Funding

Yale Clinical and Translational Science AwardUL1TR001863 · YALE UNIVERSITY · 2025 to 2025
$9.9M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001863
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), which have proven cardiovascular benefits, are recommended in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). However, there is limited real-world evidence comparing the effects of once-weekly (OW) GLP-1 RAs and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4is). This observational cohort study (1/1/2017-9/30/2021) used data from the Optum Clinformatics

methodsTime to occurrence of ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), or their composite and ASCVD-related and all-cause HCRU and medical costs were investigated. Baseline characteristics were balanced using inverse probability of treatment weighting. Survival analyses were conducted to compare risks during exposure.

resultsOW GLP-1 RA users (weighted N = 25,287) had 26%, 22%, and 24% lower risk of ischemic stroke, MI, and their composite, respectively, compared with DPP-4i users (weighted N = 39,684; all P < 0.01). Compared with DPP-4i users, OW GLP-1 RA users had 25% and 26% lower ASCVD-related and all-cause hospitalization costs, 19% and 23% lower ASCVD-related and all-cause medical costs, 23% and 27% fewer ASCVD-related and all-cause hospitalizations, 13% and 8% fewer ASCVD-related and all-cause outpatient visits, and 8% fewer all-cause ER visits (all P < 0.01).

conclusionsIn adults with T2D and ASCVD, OW GLP-1 RAs are associated with reduced stroke and MI risks and ASCVD-related and all-cause HCRU and costs vs DPP-4is.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV InhibitorsIschemic StrokeMyocardial InfarctionAdultDipeptidyl-Peptidases and Tripeptidyl-PeptidasesGlucagon-Like Peptide 1Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsHumansHypoglycemic AgentsRisk FactorsDipeptidyl-Peptidase IV InhibitorsDipeptidyl-Peptidases and Tripeptidyl-PeptidasesGlucagon-Like Peptide 1Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsHypoglycemic AgentsAtherosclerotic cardiovascular diseaseGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonistsMajor adverse cardiovascular eventsMyocardial infarctionStrokeType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID37985992
PMCPMC10662529
OpenAlexW4388823863

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.