ReviewPathogens (Basel, Switzerland)2023
Bee Venom and Its Two Main Components-Melittin and Phospholipase A2-As Promising Antiviral Drug Candidates.
Review in Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Multiple Organ-Dysfunction Secondary to Multiple Bee Sting: A Case Report From Tanzania.Clinical case reports · 2026Article
- Insight into cytotoxic and molecular mechanisms of bee venom and its nanoemulsion against West Nile virus in vitro.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The Venom Revolution in Biomedicine: Unlocking Nature's Toxin Toolkit for Therapeutic Innovation.Toxicology reports · 2026Review
- Therapeutic Bioactivity Exerted by theMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Covalent Organic Frameworks-Delivered Reuterin Drives Trained Immunity in Tumor-Associated Macrophages to Enhance Melanoma Immunotherapy via Glycerophospholipid Metabolism.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Melittin-Based Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy: Mechanisms, Applications, and Future Perspectives.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Antimicrobial Potential of Bee-Derived Products: Insights into Honey, Propolis and Bee Venom.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Bee venom modulates human neutrophil inflammatory functions in Vitro and exerts an anti- inflammatory effect in Vivo in rats.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Article
- Phospholipase A2-A Significant Bio-Active Molecule in Honeybee (Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Assessing the Influence of Stimulatory Feeding of Bee Colonies on Mineral Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Bee Venom.Insects · 2025Article
- Bee Venom Acupuncture in Traditional Korean Medicine: A Review of Clinical Practice Guidelines.Toxins · 2025Review
- The Anti-Leukemic Potential of Bee Venom.International journal of general medicine · 2025Review
- Melittin-Induced Structural Transformations in DMPG and DMPS Lipid Membranes: A Langmuir Monolayer and AFM Study.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Multi-omics analysis reveals that linoleic acid metabolism is associated with variations of trained immunity induced by distinct BCG strains.Science advances · 2024Article
- New N-Terminal Fatty-Acid-Modified Melittin Analogs with Potent Biological Activity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Harnessing the power of bee venom for therapeutic and regenerative medical applications: an updated review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Viruses are known to infect most types of organisms. In humans, they can cause several diseases that range from mild to severe. Although many antiviral therapies have been developed, viral infections continue to be a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Therefore, the discovery of new and effective antiviral agents is desperately needed. Animal venoms are a rich source of bioactive molecules found in natural goods that have been used since ancient times in alternative medicine to treat a variety of human diseases. Recently, and with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, scientists have regained their interest in the possible use of natural products, such as bee venom (BV), as a potential antiviral agent to treat viral infections. BV is known to exert many therapeutic activities such as anti-proliferative, anti-bacterial, and anti-inflammatory effects. However, there is limited discussion of the antiviral activity of BV in the literature. Therefore, this review aims to highlight the antiviral properties of BV and its two primary constituents, melittin (MEL) and phospholipase A2 (PLA2), against a variety of enveloped and non-enveloped viruses. Finally, the innovative strategies used to reduce the toxicity of BV and its two compounds for the development of new antiviral treatments are also considered.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.