ArticleInternational immunology2024
Alcaligenes lipid A functions as a superior mucosal adjuvant to monophosphoryl lipid A via the recruitment and activation of CD11b+ dendritic cells in nasal tissue.
Article in International immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Alcaligenes lipid A as a sublingual adjuvant to augment protective immune responses in the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts.International immunology · 2026Article
- Harnessing immunotherapeutic molecules and diagnostic biomarkers as human-derived adjuvants for MERS-CoV vaccine development.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that Alcaligenes-derived lipid A (ALA), which is produced from an intestinal lymphoid tissue-resident commensal bacterium, is an effective adjuvant for inducing antigen-specific immune responses. To understand the immunologic characteristics of ALA as a vaccine adjuvant, we here compared the adjuvant activity of ALA with that of a licensed adjuvant (monophosphoryl lipid A, MPLA) in mice. Although the adjuvant activity of ALA was only slightly greater than that of MPLA for subcutaneous immunization, ALA induced significantly greater IgA antibody production than did MPLA during nasal immunization. Regarding the underlying mechanism, ALA increased and activated CD11b+ CD103- CD11c+ dendritic cells in the nasal tissue by stimulating chemokine responses. These findings revealed the superiority of ALA as a mucosal adjuvant due to the unique immunologic functions of ALA in nasal tissue.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.